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Melatonin Effects on EEG Activity During Sleep Onset in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study

There is evidence demonstrating that 5-mg of fast-release melatonin significantly reduces nocturnal sleep onset in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the physiological mechanism that could promote sleep installation by melatonin in patients with AD is still poorly unde...

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Autores principales: Cruz-Aguilar, Manuel Alejandro, Ramírez-Salado, Ignacio, Guevara, Miguel Angel, Hernández-González, Marisela, Benitez-King, Gloria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: IOS Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6159690/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30480249
http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ADR-170019
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author Cruz-Aguilar, Manuel Alejandro
Ramírez-Salado, Ignacio
Guevara, Miguel Angel
Hernández-González, Marisela
Benitez-King, Gloria
author_facet Cruz-Aguilar, Manuel Alejandro
Ramírez-Salado, Ignacio
Guevara, Miguel Angel
Hernández-González, Marisela
Benitez-King, Gloria
author_sort Cruz-Aguilar, Manuel Alejandro
collection PubMed
description There is evidence demonstrating that 5-mg of fast-release melatonin significantly reduces nocturnal sleep onset in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the physiological mechanism that could promote sleep installation by melatonin in patients with AD is still poorly understood. The present pilot study was designed to analyze the effects of melatonin on cortical activity during the sleep onset period (SOP) in eight mild-to-moderate AD patients treated with 5-mg of fast-release melatonin. Electroencephalographic recordings were obtained from C3-A1, C4-A2, F7-T3, F8-T4, F3-F4, and O1-O2. The relative power (RP), interhemispheric, intrahemispheric, and fronto-posterior correlations of six electroencephalographic bands were calculated and compared between two conditions: placebo and melatonin. Results show that at F7-T3, F3-F4, and C3-A1, melatonin induced an increase of the RP of the delta band. Likewise, in F7-T3, melatonin induced a decrease of the RP in the alpha1 band. Similarly, results show a lower interhemispheric correlation between the F7-T3 and F8-T4 derivations in the alpha1 band compared to the placebo condition. We conclude that the short sleep onset related to melatonin intake in AD patients was associated with a lower RP of the alpha1, a higher RP of the delta band (mainly in the left hemisphere) and a decreased interhemispheric EEG coupling in the alpha1 band. The possible role of the GABAergic neurotransmission as well as of the cascade of neurochemical events that melatonin triggers on sleep onset are discussed.
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spelling pubmed-61596902018-11-26 Melatonin Effects on EEG Activity During Sleep Onset in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study Cruz-Aguilar, Manuel Alejandro Ramírez-Salado, Ignacio Guevara, Miguel Angel Hernández-González, Marisela Benitez-King, Gloria J Alzheimers Dis Rep Research Article There is evidence demonstrating that 5-mg of fast-release melatonin significantly reduces nocturnal sleep onset in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the physiological mechanism that could promote sleep installation by melatonin in patients with AD is still poorly understood. The present pilot study was designed to analyze the effects of melatonin on cortical activity during the sleep onset period (SOP) in eight mild-to-moderate AD patients treated with 5-mg of fast-release melatonin. Electroencephalographic recordings were obtained from C3-A1, C4-A2, F7-T3, F8-T4, F3-F4, and O1-O2. The relative power (RP), interhemispheric, intrahemispheric, and fronto-posterior correlations of six electroencephalographic bands were calculated and compared between two conditions: placebo and melatonin. Results show that at F7-T3, F3-F4, and C3-A1, melatonin induced an increase of the RP of the delta band. Likewise, in F7-T3, melatonin induced a decrease of the RP in the alpha1 band. Similarly, results show a lower interhemispheric correlation between the F7-T3 and F8-T4 derivations in the alpha1 band compared to the placebo condition. We conclude that the short sleep onset related to melatonin intake in AD patients was associated with a lower RP of the alpha1, a higher RP of the delta band (mainly in the left hemisphere) and a decreased interhemispheric EEG coupling in the alpha1 band. The possible role of the GABAergic neurotransmission as well as of the cascade of neurochemical events that melatonin triggers on sleep onset are discussed. IOS Press 2018-03-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6159690/ /pubmed/30480249 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ADR-170019 Text en © 2018 – IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Cruz-Aguilar, Manuel Alejandro
Ramírez-Salado, Ignacio
Guevara, Miguel Angel
Hernández-González, Marisela
Benitez-King, Gloria
Melatonin Effects on EEG Activity During Sleep Onset in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
title Melatonin Effects on EEG Activity During Sleep Onset in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
title_full Melatonin Effects on EEG Activity During Sleep Onset in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
title_fullStr Melatonin Effects on EEG Activity During Sleep Onset in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed Melatonin Effects on EEG Activity During Sleep Onset in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
title_short Melatonin Effects on EEG Activity During Sleep Onset in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
title_sort melatonin effects on eeg activity during sleep onset in mild-to-moderate alzheimer’s disease: a pilot study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6159690/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30480249
http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ADR-170019
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