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Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications

Correct identification and classification of sponges is challenging due to ambiguous or misleading morphological features. A particular case is a blue keratose sponge occasionally referred to as the “Blue Photo Sponge” among aquarists, which appears frequently (and in several cases unintended) in pr...

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Autores principales: Galitz, Adrian, Cook, Steve de C., Ekins, Merrick, Hooper, John N. A., Naumann, Peter T., de Voogd, Nicole J., Abdul Wahab, Muhammad, Wörheide, Gert, Erpenbeck, Dirk
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6160822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30280018
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5586
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author Galitz, Adrian
Cook, Steve de C.
Ekins, Merrick
Hooper, John N. A.
Naumann, Peter T.
de Voogd, Nicole J.
Abdul Wahab, Muhammad
Wörheide, Gert
Erpenbeck, Dirk
author_facet Galitz, Adrian
Cook, Steve de C.
Ekins, Merrick
Hooper, John N. A.
Naumann, Peter T.
de Voogd, Nicole J.
Abdul Wahab, Muhammad
Wörheide, Gert
Erpenbeck, Dirk
author_sort Galitz, Adrian
collection PubMed
description Correct identification and classification of sponges is challenging due to ambiguous or misleading morphological features. A particular case is a blue keratose sponge occasionally referred to as the “Blue Photo Sponge” among aquarists, which appears frequently (and in several cases unintended) in private aquaria. This spicule-less species, occasionally specified as Collospongia auris Bergquist, Cambie & Kernan 1990, not only displays a high phenotypic plasticity in growth form and colour, it also proliferates in aquacultures under standard conditions unlike most other sponges. Therefore, this species is regarded as a pest for most aquarists. In turn, the ease of cultivation and propagation in aquacultures qualifies this species as a model organism for a wide array of scientific applications. For these purposes, correct identification and classification are indispensable. We reconstructed ribosomal gene trees and determined this species as Lendenfeldia chondrodes (De Laubenfels, 1954) (Phyllospongiinae), distant to Collospongia auris, and corroborated by skeletal features. Additionally, the resulting phylogeny corroborated major shortcomings of the current Phyllospongiinae classification—its consequences are discussed.
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spelling pubmed-61608222018-10-02 Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications Galitz, Adrian Cook, Steve de C. Ekins, Merrick Hooper, John N. A. Naumann, Peter T. de Voogd, Nicole J. Abdul Wahab, Muhammad Wörheide, Gert Erpenbeck, Dirk PeerJ Marine Biology Correct identification and classification of sponges is challenging due to ambiguous or misleading morphological features. A particular case is a blue keratose sponge occasionally referred to as the “Blue Photo Sponge” among aquarists, which appears frequently (and in several cases unintended) in private aquaria. This spicule-less species, occasionally specified as Collospongia auris Bergquist, Cambie & Kernan 1990, not only displays a high phenotypic plasticity in growth form and colour, it also proliferates in aquacultures under standard conditions unlike most other sponges. Therefore, this species is regarded as a pest for most aquarists. In turn, the ease of cultivation and propagation in aquacultures qualifies this species as a model organism for a wide array of scientific applications. For these purposes, correct identification and classification are indispensable. We reconstructed ribosomal gene trees and determined this species as Lendenfeldia chondrodes (De Laubenfels, 1954) (Phyllospongiinae), distant to Collospongia auris, and corroborated by skeletal features. Additionally, the resulting phylogeny corroborated major shortcomings of the current Phyllospongiinae classification—its consequences are discussed. PeerJ Inc. 2018-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6160822/ /pubmed/30280018 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5586 Text en ©2018 Galitz et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Marine Biology
Galitz, Adrian
Cook, Steve de C.
Ekins, Merrick
Hooper, John N. A.
Naumann, Peter T.
de Voogd, Nicole J.
Abdul Wahab, Muhammad
Wörheide, Gert
Erpenbeck, Dirk
Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications
title Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications
title_full Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications
title_fullStr Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications
title_full_unstemmed Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications
title_short Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications
title_sort identification of an aquaculture poriferan “pest with potential” and its phylogenetic implications
topic Marine Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6160822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30280018
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5586
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