Weight underestimation for adults in Beijing and its association with chronic disease awareness and weight management

BACKGROUND: Obesity is known to be a risk factor to a variety of chronic diseases. Weight misperception has an impact on weight-loss attitude and behavior. We aimed to investigate factors associated with weight underestimation, and to assess the effect of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia awareness on weight underestimation and weight management for overweight and obese adults. METHODS: Data was obtained from the 2011 Beijing Non-communicable disease and risk factors Surveillance (BJNCDRS). A total of 19,932 participants with measures of weight and height were included in the analysis. Self-perception of weight was obtained by asking, “How do you describe your weight?”, and the question for weight management was “Are you taking any actions to control your body weight?”. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate factors related to weight underestimation. RESULTS: For the underweight, normal weight, and overweight/obese categories, more than half of the participants perceived their weight accurately (63.6, 53.8, 66.2%, respectively). For overweight and obese adults, older age, male, rural residence, lower level of education, lower level of income, absence of hypertension, presence of diabetes and absence of dyslipidemia positively associated with weight underestimation, and awareness of having hypertension and dyslipidemia were negatively associated with weight underestimation (Adjusted OR(95%CI) were 0.70(0.61~ 0.79) and 0.71(0.62~ 0.80), respectively). Awareness of having hypertension and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with weight management (Adjusted OR (95%CI) were 1.42(1.25~ 1.62) and 1.53(1.36~ 1.72), respectively). There was no significant association between awareness of diabetes and weight underestimation(P > 0.05) or weight management(P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the participants perceived their weight accurately. For overweight/obese population, awareness of having hypertension and dyslipidemia could improve weight perception and weight management, whereas awareness of having diabetes might not.