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Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning

(1) Background: Individuals’ psychological traits can influence not just success in sport but also the ability to learn new motor skills. We investigated whether sport courage, worry and fear differ between alpine ski-naive and basic level skiers and how they affect ski learning. (2): A total of 337...

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Autores principales: Cigrovski, Vjekoslav, Radman, Ivan, Konter, Erkut, Očić, Mateja, Ružić, Lana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6162698/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30223466
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6030096
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author Cigrovski, Vjekoslav
Radman, Ivan
Konter, Erkut
Očić, Mateja
Ružić, Lana
author_facet Cigrovski, Vjekoslav
Radman, Ivan
Konter, Erkut
Očić, Mateja
Ružić, Lana
author_sort Cigrovski, Vjekoslav
collection PubMed
description (1) Background: Individuals’ psychological traits can influence not just success in sport but also the ability to learn new motor skills. We investigated whether sport courage, worry and fear differ between alpine ski-naive and basic level skiers and how they affect ski learning. (2): A total of 337 students (249 ski-naive and 88 basic level) participated in research consisting of a four-part questionnaire and structured skiing program. (3) Results: For beginners, lower fear (r = −0.30, p < 0.01) and higher Self-efficiency (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) and mastery (r = 0.20, p < 0.01) were associated with better performance; reducing fear and increasing self-efficiency and worry increased performance. Experienced skiers were better in determination, mastery, and self-efficiency (all p < 0.05). In case of lower score in worry (r = −0.28, p < 0.01) and higher in self-efficiency (r = 0.22, p < 0.05) performance was better. Males scored higher in sport courage scale-31 (all p < 0.05). In particular, self-efficiency was associated with better (r = 0.39, p < 0.01), and higher fear with poorer performance (r = −0.33, p < 0.01). Moreover, self-efficiency was a predictor of ski success (p < 0.001). On the other hand, females like ski beginners scored higher in fear (p < 0.001). In females, determination, mastery and self-efficiency had a positive correlation with skiing (r = 0.21, p < 0.05, r = 0.28, p < 0.01, and r = 0.33, p < 0.01, respectively), while association between Fear and skiing (r = −0.46, p < 0.01) was negative, and fear (p < 0.001) was inversely related to success. (4): Conclusions: Psychological factors and gender differences need to be considered during learning phases of alpine skiing. There is a positive association between self-efficiency and performance of male ski beginners, and negative association between fear and achieved results in basic alpine ski school in case of female ski beginners.
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spelling pubmed-61626982018-10-09 Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning Cigrovski, Vjekoslav Radman, Ivan Konter, Erkut Očić, Mateja Ružić, Lana Sports (Basel) Article (1) Background: Individuals’ psychological traits can influence not just success in sport but also the ability to learn new motor skills. We investigated whether sport courage, worry and fear differ between alpine ski-naive and basic level skiers and how they affect ski learning. (2): A total of 337 students (249 ski-naive and 88 basic level) participated in research consisting of a four-part questionnaire and structured skiing program. (3) Results: For beginners, lower fear (r = −0.30, p < 0.01) and higher Self-efficiency (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) and mastery (r = 0.20, p < 0.01) were associated with better performance; reducing fear and increasing self-efficiency and worry increased performance. Experienced skiers were better in determination, mastery, and self-efficiency (all p < 0.05). In case of lower score in worry (r = −0.28, p < 0.01) and higher in self-efficiency (r = 0.22, p < 0.05) performance was better. Males scored higher in sport courage scale-31 (all p < 0.05). In particular, self-efficiency was associated with better (r = 0.39, p < 0.01), and higher fear with poorer performance (r = −0.33, p < 0.01). Moreover, self-efficiency was a predictor of ski success (p < 0.001). On the other hand, females like ski beginners scored higher in fear (p < 0.001). In females, determination, mastery and self-efficiency had a positive correlation with skiing (r = 0.21, p < 0.05, r = 0.28, p < 0.01, and r = 0.33, p < 0.01, respectively), while association between Fear and skiing (r = −0.46, p < 0.01) was negative, and fear (p < 0.001) was inversely related to success. (4): Conclusions: Psychological factors and gender differences need to be considered during learning phases of alpine skiing. There is a positive association between self-efficiency and performance of male ski beginners, and negative association between fear and achieved results in basic alpine ski school in case of female ski beginners. MDPI 2018-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6162698/ /pubmed/30223466 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6030096 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Cigrovski, Vjekoslav
Radman, Ivan
Konter, Erkut
Očić, Mateja
Ružić, Lana
Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning
title Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning
title_full Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning
title_fullStr Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning
title_full_unstemmed Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning
title_short Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning
title_sort sport courage, worry and fear in relation to success of alpine ski learning
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6162698/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30223466
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6030096
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