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Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning
(1) Background: Individuals’ psychological traits can influence not just success in sport but also the ability to learn new motor skills. We investigated whether sport courage, worry and fear differ between alpine ski-naive and basic level skiers and how they affect ski learning. (2): A total of 337...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6162698/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30223466 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6030096 |
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author | Cigrovski, Vjekoslav Radman, Ivan Konter, Erkut Očić, Mateja Ružić, Lana |
author_facet | Cigrovski, Vjekoslav Radman, Ivan Konter, Erkut Očić, Mateja Ružić, Lana |
author_sort | Cigrovski, Vjekoslav |
collection | PubMed |
description | (1) Background: Individuals’ psychological traits can influence not just success in sport but also the ability to learn new motor skills. We investigated whether sport courage, worry and fear differ between alpine ski-naive and basic level skiers and how they affect ski learning. (2): A total of 337 students (249 ski-naive and 88 basic level) participated in research consisting of a four-part questionnaire and structured skiing program. (3) Results: For beginners, lower fear (r = −0.30, p < 0.01) and higher Self-efficiency (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) and mastery (r = 0.20, p < 0.01) were associated with better performance; reducing fear and increasing self-efficiency and worry increased performance. Experienced skiers were better in determination, mastery, and self-efficiency (all p < 0.05). In case of lower score in worry (r = −0.28, p < 0.01) and higher in self-efficiency (r = 0.22, p < 0.05) performance was better. Males scored higher in sport courage scale-31 (all p < 0.05). In particular, self-efficiency was associated with better (r = 0.39, p < 0.01), and higher fear with poorer performance (r = −0.33, p < 0.01). Moreover, self-efficiency was a predictor of ski success (p < 0.001). On the other hand, females like ski beginners scored higher in fear (p < 0.001). In females, determination, mastery and self-efficiency had a positive correlation with skiing (r = 0.21, p < 0.05, r = 0.28, p < 0.01, and r = 0.33, p < 0.01, respectively), while association between Fear and skiing (r = −0.46, p < 0.01) was negative, and fear (p < 0.001) was inversely related to success. (4): Conclusions: Psychological factors and gender differences need to be considered during learning phases of alpine skiing. There is a positive association between self-efficiency and performance of male ski beginners, and negative association between fear and achieved results in basic alpine ski school in case of female ski beginners. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6162698 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61626982018-10-09 Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning Cigrovski, Vjekoslav Radman, Ivan Konter, Erkut Očić, Mateja Ružić, Lana Sports (Basel) Article (1) Background: Individuals’ psychological traits can influence not just success in sport but also the ability to learn new motor skills. We investigated whether sport courage, worry and fear differ between alpine ski-naive and basic level skiers and how they affect ski learning. (2): A total of 337 students (249 ski-naive and 88 basic level) participated in research consisting of a four-part questionnaire and structured skiing program. (3) Results: For beginners, lower fear (r = −0.30, p < 0.01) and higher Self-efficiency (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) and mastery (r = 0.20, p < 0.01) were associated with better performance; reducing fear and increasing self-efficiency and worry increased performance. Experienced skiers were better in determination, mastery, and self-efficiency (all p < 0.05). In case of lower score in worry (r = −0.28, p < 0.01) and higher in self-efficiency (r = 0.22, p < 0.05) performance was better. Males scored higher in sport courage scale-31 (all p < 0.05). In particular, self-efficiency was associated with better (r = 0.39, p < 0.01), and higher fear with poorer performance (r = −0.33, p < 0.01). Moreover, self-efficiency was a predictor of ski success (p < 0.001). On the other hand, females like ski beginners scored higher in fear (p < 0.001). In females, determination, mastery and self-efficiency had a positive correlation with skiing (r = 0.21, p < 0.05, r = 0.28, p < 0.01, and r = 0.33, p < 0.01, respectively), while association between Fear and skiing (r = −0.46, p < 0.01) was negative, and fear (p < 0.001) was inversely related to success. (4): Conclusions: Psychological factors and gender differences need to be considered during learning phases of alpine skiing. There is a positive association between self-efficiency and performance of male ski beginners, and negative association between fear and achieved results in basic alpine ski school in case of female ski beginners. MDPI 2018-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6162698/ /pubmed/30223466 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6030096 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Cigrovski, Vjekoslav Radman, Ivan Konter, Erkut Očić, Mateja Ružić, Lana Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning |
title | Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning |
title_full | Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning |
title_fullStr | Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning |
title_full_unstemmed | Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning |
title_short | Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning |
title_sort | sport courage, worry and fear in relation to success of alpine ski learning |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6162698/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30223466 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6030096 |
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