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Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact
Skin color diversity is the most variable and noticeable phenotypic trait in humans resulting from constitutive pigmentation variability. This paper will review the characterization of skin pigmentation diversity with a focus on the most recent data on the genetic basis of skin pigmentation, and the...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6163216/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30205563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092668 |
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author | Del Bino, Sandra Duval, Christine Bernerd, Françoise |
author_facet | Del Bino, Sandra Duval, Christine Bernerd, Françoise |
author_sort | Del Bino, Sandra |
collection | PubMed |
description | Skin color diversity is the most variable and noticeable phenotypic trait in humans resulting from constitutive pigmentation variability. This paper will review the characterization of skin pigmentation diversity with a focus on the most recent data on the genetic basis of skin pigmentation, and the various methodologies for skin color assessment. Then, melanocyte activity and amount, type and distribution of melanins, which are the main drivers for skin pigmentation, are described. Paracrine regulators of melanocyte microenvironment are also discussed. Skin response to sun exposure is also highly dependent on color diversity. Thus, sensitivity to solar wavelengths is examined in terms of acute effects such as sunburn/erythema or induced-pigmentation but also long-term consequences such as skin cancers, photoageing and pigmentary disorders. More pronounced sun-sensitivity in lighter or darker skin types depending on the detrimental effects and involved wavelengths is reviewed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6163216 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61632162018-10-10 Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact Del Bino, Sandra Duval, Christine Bernerd, Françoise Int J Mol Sci Review Skin color diversity is the most variable and noticeable phenotypic trait in humans resulting from constitutive pigmentation variability. This paper will review the characterization of skin pigmentation diversity with a focus on the most recent data on the genetic basis of skin pigmentation, and the various methodologies for skin color assessment. Then, melanocyte activity and amount, type and distribution of melanins, which are the main drivers for skin pigmentation, are described. Paracrine regulators of melanocyte microenvironment are also discussed. Skin response to sun exposure is also highly dependent on color diversity. Thus, sensitivity to solar wavelengths is examined in terms of acute effects such as sunburn/erythema or induced-pigmentation but also long-term consequences such as skin cancers, photoageing and pigmentary disorders. More pronounced sun-sensitivity in lighter or darker skin types depending on the detrimental effects and involved wavelengths is reviewed. MDPI 2018-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6163216/ /pubmed/30205563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092668 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Del Bino, Sandra Duval, Christine Bernerd, Françoise Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact |
title | Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact |
title_full | Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact |
title_fullStr | Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact |
title_full_unstemmed | Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact |
title_short | Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact |
title_sort | clinical and biological characterization of skin pigmentation diversity and its consequences on uv impact |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6163216/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30205563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092668 |
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