Cargando…
Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle?
Human milk provides essential substrates for the optimal growth and development of a breastfed infant. Besides providing nutrients to the infant, human milk also contains metabolites which form an intricate system between maternal lifestyle, such as the mother’s diet and the gut microbiome, and infa...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6163258/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30420587 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091151 |
_version_ | 1783359317258272768 |
---|---|
author | Gay, Melvin C. L. Koleva, Petya T. Slupsky, Carolyn M. du Toit, Elloise Eggesbo, Merete Johnson, Christine C. Wegienka, Ganesa Shimojo, Naoki Campbell, Dianne E. Prescott, Susan L. Munblit, Daniel Geddes, Donna T. Kozyrskyj, Anita L. Investigators, InVIVO LactoActive Study |
author_facet | Gay, Melvin C. L. Koleva, Petya T. Slupsky, Carolyn M. du Toit, Elloise Eggesbo, Merete Johnson, Christine C. Wegienka, Ganesa Shimojo, Naoki Campbell, Dianne E. Prescott, Susan L. Munblit, Daniel Geddes, Donna T. Kozyrskyj, Anita L. Investigators, InVIVO LactoActive Study |
author_sort | Gay, Melvin C. L. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Human milk provides essential substrates for the optimal growth and development of a breastfed infant. Besides providing nutrients to the infant, human milk also contains metabolites which form an intricate system between maternal lifestyle, such as the mother’s diet and the gut microbiome, and infant outcomes. This study investigates the variation of these human milk metabolites from five different countries. Human milk samples (n = 109) were collected one month postpartum from Australia, Japan, the USA, Norway, and South Africa and were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed separation between either maternal countries of origin or ethnicities. Variation between countries in concentration of metabolites, such as 2-oxoglutarate, creatine, and glutamine, in human milk, between countries, could provide insights into problems, such as mastitis and/or impaired functions of the mammary glands. Several important markers of milk production, such as lactose, betaine, creatine, glutamate, and glutamine, showed good correlation between each metabolite. This work highlights the importance of milk metabolites with respect to maternal lifestyle and the environment, and also provides the framework for future breastfeeding and microbiome studies in a global context. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6163258 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61632582018-10-10 Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle? Gay, Melvin C. L. Koleva, Petya T. Slupsky, Carolyn M. du Toit, Elloise Eggesbo, Merete Johnson, Christine C. Wegienka, Ganesa Shimojo, Naoki Campbell, Dianne E. Prescott, Susan L. Munblit, Daniel Geddes, Donna T. Kozyrskyj, Anita L. Investigators, InVIVO LactoActive Study Nutrients Article Human milk provides essential substrates for the optimal growth and development of a breastfed infant. Besides providing nutrients to the infant, human milk also contains metabolites which form an intricate system between maternal lifestyle, such as the mother’s diet and the gut microbiome, and infant outcomes. This study investigates the variation of these human milk metabolites from five different countries. Human milk samples (n = 109) were collected one month postpartum from Australia, Japan, the USA, Norway, and South Africa and were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed separation between either maternal countries of origin or ethnicities. Variation between countries in concentration of metabolites, such as 2-oxoglutarate, creatine, and glutamine, in human milk, between countries, could provide insights into problems, such as mastitis and/or impaired functions of the mammary glands. Several important markers of milk production, such as lactose, betaine, creatine, glutamate, and glutamine, showed good correlation between each metabolite. This work highlights the importance of milk metabolites with respect to maternal lifestyle and the environment, and also provides the framework for future breastfeeding and microbiome studies in a global context. MDPI 2018-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6163258/ /pubmed/30420587 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091151 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Gay, Melvin C. L. Koleva, Petya T. Slupsky, Carolyn M. du Toit, Elloise Eggesbo, Merete Johnson, Christine C. Wegienka, Ganesa Shimojo, Naoki Campbell, Dianne E. Prescott, Susan L. Munblit, Daniel Geddes, Donna T. Kozyrskyj, Anita L. Investigators, InVIVO LactoActive Study Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle? |
title | Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle? |
title_full | Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle? |
title_fullStr | Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle? |
title_full_unstemmed | Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle? |
title_short | Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle? |
title_sort | worldwide variation in human milk metabolome: indicators of breast physiology and maternal lifestyle? |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6163258/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30420587 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091151 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT gaymelvincl worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT kolevapetyat worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT slupskycarolynm worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT dutoitelloise worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT eggesbomerete worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT johnsonchristinec worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT wegienkaganesa worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT shimojonaoki worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT campbelldiannee worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT prescottsusanl worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT munblitdaniel worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT geddesdonnat worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT kozyrskyjanital worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle AT investigatorsinvivolactoactivestudy worldwidevariationinhumanmilkmetabolomeindicatorsofbreastphysiologyandmaternallifestyle |