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Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle?

Human milk provides essential substrates for the optimal growth and development of a breastfed infant. Besides providing nutrients to the infant, human milk also contains metabolites which form an intricate system between maternal lifestyle, such as the mother’s diet and the gut microbiome, and infa...

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Autores principales: Gay, Melvin C. L., Koleva, Petya T., Slupsky, Carolyn M., du Toit, Elloise, Eggesbo, Merete, Johnson, Christine C., Wegienka, Ganesa, Shimojo, Naoki, Campbell, Dianne E., Prescott, Susan L., Munblit, Daniel, Geddes, Donna T., Kozyrskyj, Anita L., Investigators, InVIVO LactoActive Study
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6163258/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30420587
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091151
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author Gay, Melvin C. L.
Koleva, Petya T.
Slupsky, Carolyn M.
du Toit, Elloise
Eggesbo, Merete
Johnson, Christine C.
Wegienka, Ganesa
Shimojo, Naoki
Campbell, Dianne E.
Prescott, Susan L.
Munblit, Daniel
Geddes, Donna T.
Kozyrskyj, Anita L.
Investigators, InVIVO LactoActive Study
author_facet Gay, Melvin C. L.
Koleva, Petya T.
Slupsky, Carolyn M.
du Toit, Elloise
Eggesbo, Merete
Johnson, Christine C.
Wegienka, Ganesa
Shimojo, Naoki
Campbell, Dianne E.
Prescott, Susan L.
Munblit, Daniel
Geddes, Donna T.
Kozyrskyj, Anita L.
Investigators, InVIVO LactoActive Study
author_sort Gay, Melvin C. L.
collection PubMed
description Human milk provides essential substrates for the optimal growth and development of a breastfed infant. Besides providing nutrients to the infant, human milk also contains metabolites which form an intricate system between maternal lifestyle, such as the mother’s diet and the gut microbiome, and infant outcomes. This study investigates the variation of these human milk metabolites from five different countries. Human milk samples (n = 109) were collected one month postpartum from Australia, Japan, the USA, Norway, and South Africa and were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed separation between either maternal countries of origin or ethnicities. Variation between countries in concentration of metabolites, such as 2-oxoglutarate, creatine, and glutamine, in human milk, between countries, could provide insights into problems, such as mastitis and/or impaired functions of the mammary glands. Several important markers of milk production, such as lactose, betaine, creatine, glutamate, and glutamine, showed good correlation between each metabolite. This work highlights the importance of milk metabolites with respect to maternal lifestyle and the environment, and also provides the framework for future breastfeeding and microbiome studies in a global context.
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spelling pubmed-61632582018-10-10 Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle? Gay, Melvin C. L. Koleva, Petya T. Slupsky, Carolyn M. du Toit, Elloise Eggesbo, Merete Johnson, Christine C. Wegienka, Ganesa Shimojo, Naoki Campbell, Dianne E. Prescott, Susan L. Munblit, Daniel Geddes, Donna T. Kozyrskyj, Anita L. Investigators, InVIVO LactoActive Study Nutrients Article Human milk provides essential substrates for the optimal growth and development of a breastfed infant. Besides providing nutrients to the infant, human milk also contains metabolites which form an intricate system between maternal lifestyle, such as the mother’s diet and the gut microbiome, and infant outcomes. This study investigates the variation of these human milk metabolites from five different countries. Human milk samples (n = 109) were collected one month postpartum from Australia, Japan, the USA, Norway, and South Africa and were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed separation between either maternal countries of origin or ethnicities. Variation between countries in concentration of metabolites, such as 2-oxoglutarate, creatine, and glutamine, in human milk, between countries, could provide insights into problems, such as mastitis and/or impaired functions of the mammary glands. Several important markers of milk production, such as lactose, betaine, creatine, glutamate, and glutamine, showed good correlation between each metabolite. This work highlights the importance of milk metabolites with respect to maternal lifestyle and the environment, and also provides the framework for future breastfeeding and microbiome studies in a global context. MDPI 2018-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6163258/ /pubmed/30420587 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091151 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Gay, Melvin C. L.
Koleva, Petya T.
Slupsky, Carolyn M.
du Toit, Elloise
Eggesbo, Merete
Johnson, Christine C.
Wegienka, Ganesa
Shimojo, Naoki
Campbell, Dianne E.
Prescott, Susan L.
Munblit, Daniel
Geddes, Donna T.
Kozyrskyj, Anita L.
Investigators, InVIVO LactoActive Study
Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle?
title Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle?
title_full Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle?
title_fullStr Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle?
title_full_unstemmed Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle?
title_short Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle?
title_sort worldwide variation in human milk metabolome: indicators of breast physiology and maternal lifestyle?
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6163258/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30420587
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091151
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