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Infectious Bronchitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 4 Alone Induces Membrane Pairing

Positive-strand RNA viruses, such as coronaviruses, induce cellular membrane rearrangements during replication to form replication organelles allowing for efficient viral RNA synthesis. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a pathogenic avian Gammacoronavirus of significant importance to the global pou...

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Autores principales: Doyle, Nicole, Neuman, Benjamin W., Simpson, Jennifer, Hawes, Philippa C., Mantell, Judith, Verkade, Paul, Alrashedi, Hasan, Maier, Helena J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6163833/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30200673
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10090477
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author Doyle, Nicole
Neuman, Benjamin W.
Simpson, Jennifer
Hawes, Philippa C.
Mantell, Judith
Verkade, Paul
Alrashedi, Hasan
Maier, Helena J.
author_facet Doyle, Nicole
Neuman, Benjamin W.
Simpson, Jennifer
Hawes, Philippa C.
Mantell, Judith
Verkade, Paul
Alrashedi, Hasan
Maier, Helena J.
author_sort Doyle, Nicole
collection PubMed
description Positive-strand RNA viruses, such as coronaviruses, induce cellular membrane rearrangements during replication to form replication organelles allowing for efficient viral RNA synthesis. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a pathogenic avian Gammacoronavirus of significant importance to the global poultry industry, has been shown to induce the formation of double membrane vesicles (DMVs), zippered endoplasmic reticulum (zER) and tethered vesicles, known as spherules. These membrane rearrangements are virally induced; however, it remains unclear which viral proteins are responsible. In this study, membrane rearrangements induced when expressing viral non-structural proteins (nsps) from two different strains of IBV were compared. Three non-structural transmembrane proteins, nsp3, nsp4, and nsp6, were expressed in cells singularly or in combination and the effects on cellular membranes investigated using electron microscopy and electron tomography. In contrast to previously studied coronaviruses, IBV nsp4 alone is necessary and sufficient to induce membrane pairing; however, expression of the transmembrane proteins together was not sufficient to fully recapitulate DMVs. This indicates that although nsp4 is able to singularly induce membrane pairing, further viral or host factors are required in order to fully assemble IBV replicative structures. This study highlights further differences in the mechanism of membrane rearrangements between members of the coronavirus family.
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spelling pubmed-61638332018-10-11 Infectious Bronchitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 4 Alone Induces Membrane Pairing Doyle, Nicole Neuman, Benjamin W. Simpson, Jennifer Hawes, Philippa C. Mantell, Judith Verkade, Paul Alrashedi, Hasan Maier, Helena J. Viruses Article Positive-strand RNA viruses, such as coronaviruses, induce cellular membrane rearrangements during replication to form replication organelles allowing for efficient viral RNA synthesis. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a pathogenic avian Gammacoronavirus of significant importance to the global poultry industry, has been shown to induce the formation of double membrane vesicles (DMVs), zippered endoplasmic reticulum (zER) and tethered vesicles, known as spherules. These membrane rearrangements are virally induced; however, it remains unclear which viral proteins are responsible. In this study, membrane rearrangements induced when expressing viral non-structural proteins (nsps) from two different strains of IBV were compared. Three non-structural transmembrane proteins, nsp3, nsp4, and nsp6, were expressed in cells singularly or in combination and the effects on cellular membranes investigated using electron microscopy and electron tomography. In contrast to previously studied coronaviruses, IBV nsp4 alone is necessary and sufficient to induce membrane pairing; however, expression of the transmembrane proteins together was not sufficient to fully recapitulate DMVs. This indicates that although nsp4 is able to singularly induce membrane pairing, further viral or host factors are required in order to fully assemble IBV replicative structures. This study highlights further differences in the mechanism of membrane rearrangements between members of the coronavirus family. MDPI 2018-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6163833/ /pubmed/30200673 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10090477 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Doyle, Nicole
Neuman, Benjamin W.
Simpson, Jennifer
Hawes, Philippa C.
Mantell, Judith
Verkade, Paul
Alrashedi, Hasan
Maier, Helena J.
Infectious Bronchitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 4 Alone Induces Membrane Pairing
title Infectious Bronchitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 4 Alone Induces Membrane Pairing
title_full Infectious Bronchitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 4 Alone Induces Membrane Pairing
title_fullStr Infectious Bronchitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 4 Alone Induces Membrane Pairing
title_full_unstemmed Infectious Bronchitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 4 Alone Induces Membrane Pairing
title_short Infectious Bronchitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 4 Alone Induces Membrane Pairing
title_sort infectious bronchitis virus nonstructural protein 4 alone induces membrane pairing
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6163833/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30200673
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10090477
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