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Membrane Active Peptides and Their Biophysical Characterization

In the last 20 years, an increasing number of studies have been reported on membrane active peptides. These peptides exert their biological activity by interacting with the cell membrane, either to disrupt it and lead to cell lysis or to translocate through it to deliver cargos into the cell and rea...

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Autores principales: Avci, Fatma Gizem, Sariyar Akbulut, Berna, Ozkirimli, Elif
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6164437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30135402
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom8030077
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author Avci, Fatma Gizem
Sariyar Akbulut, Berna
Ozkirimli, Elif
author_facet Avci, Fatma Gizem
Sariyar Akbulut, Berna
Ozkirimli, Elif
author_sort Avci, Fatma Gizem
collection PubMed
description In the last 20 years, an increasing number of studies have been reported on membrane active peptides. These peptides exert their biological activity by interacting with the cell membrane, either to disrupt it and lead to cell lysis or to translocate through it to deliver cargos into the cell and reach their target. Membrane active peptides are attractive alternatives to currently used pharmaceuticals and the number of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and peptides designed for drug and gene delivery in the drug pipeline is increasing. Here, we focus on two most prominent classes of membrane active peptides; AMPs and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Antimicrobial peptides are a group of membrane active peptides that disrupt the membrane integrity or inhibit the cellular functions of bacteria, virus, and fungi. Cell penetrating peptides are another group of membrane active peptides that mainly function as cargo-carriers even though they may also show antimicrobial activity. Biophysical techniques shed light on peptide–membrane interactions at higher resolution due to the advances in optics, image processing, and computational resources. Structural investigation of membrane active peptides in the presence of the membrane provides important clues on the effect of the membrane environment on peptide conformations. Live imaging techniques allow examination of peptide action at a single cell or single molecule level. In addition to these experimental biophysical techniques, molecular dynamics simulations provide clues on the peptide–lipid interactions and dynamics of the cell entry process at atomic detail. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in experimental and computational investigation of membrane active peptides with particular emphasis on two amphipathic membrane active peptides, the AMP melittin and the CPP pVEC.
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spelling pubmed-61644372018-10-10 Membrane Active Peptides and Their Biophysical Characterization Avci, Fatma Gizem Sariyar Akbulut, Berna Ozkirimli, Elif Biomolecules Review In the last 20 years, an increasing number of studies have been reported on membrane active peptides. These peptides exert their biological activity by interacting with the cell membrane, either to disrupt it and lead to cell lysis or to translocate through it to deliver cargos into the cell and reach their target. Membrane active peptides are attractive alternatives to currently used pharmaceuticals and the number of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and peptides designed for drug and gene delivery in the drug pipeline is increasing. Here, we focus on two most prominent classes of membrane active peptides; AMPs and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Antimicrobial peptides are a group of membrane active peptides that disrupt the membrane integrity or inhibit the cellular functions of bacteria, virus, and fungi. Cell penetrating peptides are another group of membrane active peptides that mainly function as cargo-carriers even though they may also show antimicrobial activity. Biophysical techniques shed light on peptide–membrane interactions at higher resolution due to the advances in optics, image processing, and computational resources. Structural investigation of membrane active peptides in the presence of the membrane provides important clues on the effect of the membrane environment on peptide conformations. Live imaging techniques allow examination of peptide action at a single cell or single molecule level. In addition to these experimental biophysical techniques, molecular dynamics simulations provide clues on the peptide–lipid interactions and dynamics of the cell entry process at atomic detail. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in experimental and computational investigation of membrane active peptides with particular emphasis on two amphipathic membrane active peptides, the AMP melittin and the CPP pVEC. MDPI 2018-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6164437/ /pubmed/30135402 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom8030077 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Avci, Fatma Gizem
Sariyar Akbulut, Berna
Ozkirimli, Elif
Membrane Active Peptides and Their Biophysical Characterization
title Membrane Active Peptides and Their Biophysical Characterization
title_full Membrane Active Peptides and Their Biophysical Characterization
title_fullStr Membrane Active Peptides and Their Biophysical Characterization
title_full_unstemmed Membrane Active Peptides and Their Biophysical Characterization
title_short Membrane Active Peptides and Their Biophysical Characterization
title_sort membrane active peptides and their biophysical characterization
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6164437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30135402
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom8030077
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