Cargando…
Going Green or Going Away? A Spatial Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Environmental Regulations, Biased Technological Progress, and Green Total Factor Productivity
China’s economic development has resulted in significant resource consumption and environmental damage. However, technological progress is important for achieving coordinated economic development and environmental protection. Appropriate environmental regulation policies are also important. Although...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6165027/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30177660 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091917 |
_version_ | 1783359740116467712 |
---|---|
author | Wang, Xueli Sun, Caizhi Wang, Song Zhang, Zhixiong Zou, Wei |
author_facet | Wang, Xueli Sun, Caizhi Wang, Song Zhang, Zhixiong Zou, Wei |
author_sort | Wang, Xueli |
collection | PubMed |
description | China’s economic development has resulted in significant resource consumption and environmental damage. However, technological progress is important for achieving coordinated economic development and environmental protection. Appropriate environmental regulation policies are also important. Although green total factor productivity, environmental regulations, and technological progress vary by location, few studies have been conducted from a spatial perspective. However, spatial spillover effects should be taken into consideration. This study used energy consumption, the sum of physical capital stock and ecological service value as total capital stock, the number of employed people as inputs, sulfur dioxide emissions as undesired outputs, and green GDP as total output to obtain green TFP through a slacks-based measure (SBM) global Malmquist-Luenberger Index. This study also estimated China’s biased technological progress under environmental constraints from 2004 to 2015 based on relevant data (e.g., green GDP, total capital stock, and employment figures). The relationship between green total factor productivity (GTFP), technological progress, and environmental regulation was then examined using a spatial Durbin model. Results were as follows: (1) Based on the complementary elements, although the labor costs gradually increase, the rapid accumulation of capital leads to technological progress that is biased toward capital. However, technological progress in the labor bias can significantly increase GTFP. (2) There is a u-shaped relationship between existing environmental regulations and GTFP. Technological progress can significantly promote GTFP in the surrounding areas through existing environmental regulations. (3) Under spatial weight, the secondary industry coefficient was negative while human capital stock and FDID had positive effects on GTFP. Technological progress is the source of economic growth. It is therefore necessary to promote biased technological development and improve labor-force skills while implementing effective environmental regulation policies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6165027 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61650272018-10-12 Going Green or Going Away? A Spatial Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Environmental Regulations, Biased Technological Progress, and Green Total Factor Productivity Wang, Xueli Sun, Caizhi Wang, Song Zhang, Zhixiong Zou, Wei Int J Environ Res Public Health Article China’s economic development has resulted in significant resource consumption and environmental damage. However, technological progress is important for achieving coordinated economic development and environmental protection. Appropriate environmental regulation policies are also important. Although green total factor productivity, environmental regulations, and technological progress vary by location, few studies have been conducted from a spatial perspective. However, spatial spillover effects should be taken into consideration. This study used energy consumption, the sum of physical capital stock and ecological service value as total capital stock, the number of employed people as inputs, sulfur dioxide emissions as undesired outputs, and green GDP as total output to obtain green TFP through a slacks-based measure (SBM) global Malmquist-Luenberger Index. This study also estimated China’s biased technological progress under environmental constraints from 2004 to 2015 based on relevant data (e.g., green GDP, total capital stock, and employment figures). The relationship between green total factor productivity (GTFP), technological progress, and environmental regulation was then examined using a spatial Durbin model. Results were as follows: (1) Based on the complementary elements, although the labor costs gradually increase, the rapid accumulation of capital leads to technological progress that is biased toward capital. However, technological progress in the labor bias can significantly increase GTFP. (2) There is a u-shaped relationship between existing environmental regulations and GTFP. Technological progress can significantly promote GTFP in the surrounding areas through existing environmental regulations. (3) Under spatial weight, the secondary industry coefficient was negative while human capital stock and FDID had positive effects on GTFP. Technological progress is the source of economic growth. It is therefore necessary to promote biased technological development and improve labor-force skills while implementing effective environmental regulation policies. MDPI 2018-09-03 2018-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6165027/ /pubmed/30177660 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091917 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wang, Xueli Sun, Caizhi Wang, Song Zhang, Zhixiong Zou, Wei Going Green or Going Away? A Spatial Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Environmental Regulations, Biased Technological Progress, and Green Total Factor Productivity |
title | Going Green or Going Away? A Spatial Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Environmental Regulations, Biased Technological Progress, and Green Total Factor Productivity |
title_full | Going Green or Going Away? A Spatial Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Environmental Regulations, Biased Technological Progress, and Green Total Factor Productivity |
title_fullStr | Going Green or Going Away? A Spatial Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Environmental Regulations, Biased Technological Progress, and Green Total Factor Productivity |
title_full_unstemmed | Going Green or Going Away? A Spatial Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Environmental Regulations, Biased Technological Progress, and Green Total Factor Productivity |
title_short | Going Green or Going Away? A Spatial Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Environmental Regulations, Biased Technological Progress, and Green Total Factor Productivity |
title_sort | going green or going away? a spatial empirical examination of the relationship between environmental regulations, biased technological progress, and green total factor productivity |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6165027/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30177660 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091917 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT wangxueli goinggreenorgoingawayaspatialempiricalexaminationoftherelationshipbetweenenvironmentalregulationsbiasedtechnologicalprogressandgreentotalfactorproductivity AT suncaizhi goinggreenorgoingawayaspatialempiricalexaminationoftherelationshipbetweenenvironmentalregulationsbiasedtechnologicalprogressandgreentotalfactorproductivity AT wangsong goinggreenorgoingawayaspatialempiricalexaminationoftherelationshipbetweenenvironmentalregulationsbiasedtechnologicalprogressandgreentotalfactorproductivity AT zhangzhixiong goinggreenorgoingawayaspatialempiricalexaminationoftherelationshipbetweenenvironmentalregulationsbiasedtechnologicalprogressandgreentotalfactorproductivity AT zouwei goinggreenorgoingawayaspatialempiricalexaminationoftherelationshipbetweenenvironmentalregulationsbiasedtechnologicalprogressandgreentotalfactorproductivity |