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Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Fabricated in Dissolvable 3D-Printed Molds for Patient-Specific Craniofacial Bone Regeneration

The current gold standard treatment for oral clefts is autologous bone grafting. This treatment, however, presents another wound site for the patient, greater discomfort, and pediatric patients have less bone mass for bone grafting. A potential alternative treatment is the use of tissue engineered s...

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Autores principales: de la Lastra, Angela Alarcon, Hixon, Katherine R., Aryan, Lavanya, Banks, Amanda N., Lin, Alexander Y., Hall, Andrew F., Sell, Scott A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6165179/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30042357
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb9030046
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author de la Lastra, Angela Alarcon
Hixon, Katherine R.
Aryan, Lavanya
Banks, Amanda N.
Lin, Alexander Y.
Hall, Andrew F.
Sell, Scott A.
author_facet de la Lastra, Angela Alarcon
Hixon, Katherine R.
Aryan, Lavanya
Banks, Amanda N.
Lin, Alexander Y.
Hall, Andrew F.
Sell, Scott A.
author_sort de la Lastra, Angela Alarcon
collection PubMed
description The current gold standard treatment for oral clefts is autologous bone grafting. This treatment, however, presents another wound site for the patient, greater discomfort, and pediatric patients have less bone mass for bone grafting. A potential alternative treatment is the use of tissue engineered scaffolds. Hydrogels are well characterized nanoporous scaffolds and cryogels are mechanically durable, macroporous, sponge-like scaffolds. However, there has been limited research on these scaffolds for cleft craniofacial defects. 3D-printed molds can be combined with cryogel/hydrogel fabrication to create patient-specific tissue engineered scaffolds. By combining 3D-printing technology and scaffold fabrication, we were able to create scaffolds with the geometry of three cleft craniofacial defects. The scaffolds were then characterized to assess the effect of the mold on their physical properties. While the scaffolds were able to completely fill the mold, creating the desired geometry, the overall volumes were smaller than expected. The cryogels possessed porosities ranging from 79.7% to 87.2% and high interconnectivity. Additionally, the cryogels swelled from 400% to almost 1500% of their original dry weight while the hydrogel swelling did not reach 500%, demonstrating the ability to fill a defect site. Overall, despite the complex geometry, the cryogel scaffolds displayed ideal properties for bone reconstruction.
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spelling pubmed-61651792018-10-12 Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Fabricated in Dissolvable 3D-Printed Molds for Patient-Specific Craniofacial Bone Regeneration de la Lastra, Angela Alarcon Hixon, Katherine R. Aryan, Lavanya Banks, Amanda N. Lin, Alexander Y. Hall, Andrew F. Sell, Scott A. J Funct Biomater Article The current gold standard treatment for oral clefts is autologous bone grafting. This treatment, however, presents another wound site for the patient, greater discomfort, and pediatric patients have less bone mass for bone grafting. A potential alternative treatment is the use of tissue engineered scaffolds. Hydrogels are well characterized nanoporous scaffolds and cryogels are mechanically durable, macroporous, sponge-like scaffolds. However, there has been limited research on these scaffolds for cleft craniofacial defects. 3D-printed molds can be combined with cryogel/hydrogel fabrication to create patient-specific tissue engineered scaffolds. By combining 3D-printing technology and scaffold fabrication, we were able to create scaffolds with the geometry of three cleft craniofacial defects. The scaffolds were then characterized to assess the effect of the mold on their physical properties. While the scaffolds were able to completely fill the mold, creating the desired geometry, the overall volumes were smaller than expected. The cryogels possessed porosities ranging from 79.7% to 87.2% and high interconnectivity. Additionally, the cryogels swelled from 400% to almost 1500% of their original dry weight while the hydrogel swelling did not reach 500%, demonstrating the ability to fill a defect site. Overall, despite the complex geometry, the cryogel scaffolds displayed ideal properties for bone reconstruction. MDPI 2018-07-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6165179/ /pubmed/30042357 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb9030046 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
de la Lastra, Angela Alarcon
Hixon, Katherine R.
Aryan, Lavanya
Banks, Amanda N.
Lin, Alexander Y.
Hall, Andrew F.
Sell, Scott A.
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Fabricated in Dissolvable 3D-Printed Molds for Patient-Specific Craniofacial Bone Regeneration
title Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Fabricated in Dissolvable 3D-Printed Molds for Patient-Specific Craniofacial Bone Regeneration
title_full Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Fabricated in Dissolvable 3D-Printed Molds for Patient-Specific Craniofacial Bone Regeneration
title_fullStr Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Fabricated in Dissolvable 3D-Printed Molds for Patient-Specific Craniofacial Bone Regeneration
title_full_unstemmed Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Fabricated in Dissolvable 3D-Printed Molds for Patient-Specific Craniofacial Bone Regeneration
title_short Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Fabricated in Dissolvable 3D-Printed Molds for Patient-Specific Craniofacial Bone Regeneration
title_sort tissue engineering scaffolds fabricated in dissolvable 3d-printed molds for patient-specific craniofacial bone regeneration
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6165179/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30042357
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb9030046
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