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Main Human Urinary Metabolites after Genipap (Genipa americana L.) Juice Intake

Genipap (Genipa americana L.) is a native fruit from Amazonia that contains bioactive compounds with a wide range of bioactivities. However, the response to genipap juice ingestion in the human exposome has never been studied. To identify biomarkers of genipap exposure, the untargeted metabolomics a...

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Autores principales: Dickson, Livia, Tenon, Mathieu, Svilar, Ljubica, Fança-Berthon, Pascale, Lugan, Raphael, Martin, Jean-Charles, Vaillant, Fabrice, Rogez, Hervé
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6165415/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30149503
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091155
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author Dickson, Livia
Tenon, Mathieu
Svilar, Ljubica
Fança-Berthon, Pascale
Lugan, Raphael
Martin, Jean-Charles
Vaillant, Fabrice
Rogez, Hervé
author_facet Dickson, Livia
Tenon, Mathieu
Svilar, Ljubica
Fança-Berthon, Pascale
Lugan, Raphael
Martin, Jean-Charles
Vaillant, Fabrice
Rogez, Hervé
author_sort Dickson, Livia
collection PubMed
description Genipap (Genipa americana L.) is a native fruit from Amazonia that contains bioactive compounds with a wide range of bioactivities. However, the response to genipap juice ingestion in the human exposome has never been studied. To identify biomarkers of genipap exposure, the untargeted metabolomics approach in human urine was applied. Urine samples from 16 healthy male volunteers, before and after drinking genipap juice, were analyzed by liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. XCMS package was used for data processing in the R environment and t-tests were applied on log-transformed and Pareto-scaled data to select the significant metabolites. The principal component analysis (PCA) score plots showed a clear distinction between experimental groups. Thirty-three metabolites were putatively annotated and the most discriminant were mainly related to the metabolic pathways of iridoids and phenolic derivatives. For the first time, the bioavailability of genipap iridoids after human consumption is reported. Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, (1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate, hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, genipic acid, 12-demethylated-8-hydroxygenipinic acid, 3(7)-dehydrogenipinic acid, genipic acid glucuronide, nonate, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate may be considered biomarkers of genipap consumption. Human exposure to genipap reveals the production of derivative forms of bioactive compounds such as genipic and genipinic acid. These findings suggest that genipap consumption triggers effects on metabolic signatures.
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spelling pubmed-61654152018-10-10 Main Human Urinary Metabolites after Genipap (Genipa americana L.) Juice Intake Dickson, Livia Tenon, Mathieu Svilar, Ljubica Fança-Berthon, Pascale Lugan, Raphael Martin, Jean-Charles Vaillant, Fabrice Rogez, Hervé Nutrients Article Genipap (Genipa americana L.) is a native fruit from Amazonia that contains bioactive compounds with a wide range of bioactivities. However, the response to genipap juice ingestion in the human exposome has never been studied. To identify biomarkers of genipap exposure, the untargeted metabolomics approach in human urine was applied. Urine samples from 16 healthy male volunteers, before and after drinking genipap juice, were analyzed by liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. XCMS package was used for data processing in the R environment and t-tests were applied on log-transformed and Pareto-scaled data to select the significant metabolites. The principal component analysis (PCA) score plots showed a clear distinction between experimental groups. Thirty-three metabolites were putatively annotated and the most discriminant were mainly related to the metabolic pathways of iridoids and phenolic derivatives. For the first time, the bioavailability of genipap iridoids after human consumption is reported. Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, (1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate, hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, genipic acid, 12-demethylated-8-hydroxygenipinic acid, 3(7)-dehydrogenipinic acid, genipic acid glucuronide, nonate, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate may be considered biomarkers of genipap consumption. Human exposure to genipap reveals the production of derivative forms of bioactive compounds such as genipic and genipinic acid. These findings suggest that genipap consumption triggers effects on metabolic signatures. MDPI 2018-08-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6165415/ /pubmed/30149503 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091155 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Dickson, Livia
Tenon, Mathieu
Svilar, Ljubica
Fança-Berthon, Pascale
Lugan, Raphael
Martin, Jean-Charles
Vaillant, Fabrice
Rogez, Hervé
Main Human Urinary Metabolites after Genipap (Genipa americana L.) Juice Intake
title Main Human Urinary Metabolites after Genipap (Genipa americana L.) Juice Intake
title_full Main Human Urinary Metabolites after Genipap (Genipa americana L.) Juice Intake
title_fullStr Main Human Urinary Metabolites after Genipap (Genipa americana L.) Juice Intake
title_full_unstemmed Main Human Urinary Metabolites after Genipap (Genipa americana L.) Juice Intake
title_short Main Human Urinary Metabolites after Genipap (Genipa americana L.) Juice Intake
title_sort main human urinary metabolites after genipap (genipa americana l.) juice intake
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6165415/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30149503
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091155
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