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A Novel Insight of Effects of a 3-Hz Binaural Beat on Sleep Stages During Sleep

The dichotic presentation of two almost equivalent pure tones with slightly different frequencies leads to virtual beat perception by the brain. In this phenomenon, the so-called binaural beat has a frequency equaling the difference of the frequencies of the two pure tones. The binaural beat can ent...

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Autores principales: Jirakittayakorn, Nantawachara, Wongsawat, Yodchanan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6165862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30319382
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00387
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author Jirakittayakorn, Nantawachara
Wongsawat, Yodchanan
author_facet Jirakittayakorn, Nantawachara
Wongsawat, Yodchanan
author_sort Jirakittayakorn, Nantawachara
collection PubMed
description The dichotic presentation of two almost equivalent pure tones with slightly different frequencies leads to virtual beat perception by the brain. In this phenomenon, the so-called binaural beat has a frequency equaling the difference of the frequencies of the two pure tones. The binaural beat can entrain neural activities to synchronize with the beat frequency and induce behavioral states related to the neural activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 3-Hz binaural beat on sleep stages, which is considered a behavioral state. Twenty-four participants were allocated to experimental and control groups. The experimental period was three consecutive nights consisting of an adaptation night, a baseline night, and an experimental night. Participants in both groups underwent the same procedures, but only the experimental group was exposed to the 3-Hz binaural beat on the experimental night. The stimulus was initiated when the first epoch of the N2 sleep stage was detected and stopped when the first epoch of the N3 sleep stage detected. For the control group, a silent sham stimulus was used. However, the participants were blinded to their stimulus group. The results showed that the N3 duration of the experimental group was longer than that of the control group, and the N2 duration of the experimental group was shorter than that of the control group. Moreover, the N3 latency of the experimental group was shorter.
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spelling pubmed-61658622018-10-12 A Novel Insight of Effects of a 3-Hz Binaural Beat on Sleep Stages During Sleep Jirakittayakorn, Nantawachara Wongsawat, Yodchanan Front Hum Neurosci Neuroscience The dichotic presentation of two almost equivalent pure tones with slightly different frequencies leads to virtual beat perception by the brain. In this phenomenon, the so-called binaural beat has a frequency equaling the difference of the frequencies of the two pure tones. The binaural beat can entrain neural activities to synchronize with the beat frequency and induce behavioral states related to the neural activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 3-Hz binaural beat on sleep stages, which is considered a behavioral state. Twenty-four participants were allocated to experimental and control groups. The experimental period was three consecutive nights consisting of an adaptation night, a baseline night, and an experimental night. Participants in both groups underwent the same procedures, but only the experimental group was exposed to the 3-Hz binaural beat on the experimental night. The stimulus was initiated when the first epoch of the N2 sleep stage was detected and stopped when the first epoch of the N3 sleep stage detected. For the control group, a silent sham stimulus was used. However, the participants were blinded to their stimulus group. The results showed that the N3 duration of the experimental group was longer than that of the control group, and the N2 duration of the experimental group was shorter than that of the control group. Moreover, the N3 latency of the experimental group was shorter. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6165862/ /pubmed/30319382 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00387 Text en Copyright © 2018 Jirakittayakorn and Wongsawat. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Jirakittayakorn, Nantawachara
Wongsawat, Yodchanan
A Novel Insight of Effects of a 3-Hz Binaural Beat on Sleep Stages During Sleep
title A Novel Insight of Effects of a 3-Hz Binaural Beat on Sleep Stages During Sleep
title_full A Novel Insight of Effects of a 3-Hz Binaural Beat on Sleep Stages During Sleep
title_fullStr A Novel Insight of Effects of a 3-Hz Binaural Beat on Sleep Stages During Sleep
title_full_unstemmed A Novel Insight of Effects of a 3-Hz Binaural Beat on Sleep Stages During Sleep
title_short A Novel Insight of Effects of a 3-Hz Binaural Beat on Sleep Stages During Sleep
title_sort novel insight of effects of a 3-hz binaural beat on sleep stages during sleep
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6165862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30319382
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00387
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