Main Risk Factors Association with Proto-Oncogene Mutations in Colorectal Cancer

OBJECTIVE: Although several factors have been shown to have etiological roles in colorectal cancer, few investigations have addressed how and to what extent these factors affect the genetics and pathology of the disease. Precise relationships with specific genetic mutations that could alter signaling pathways involved in colorectal cancer remain unknown. We therefore aimed to investigate possible links between lifestyle, dietary habits, and socioeconomic factors and specific mutations that are common in colorectal cancers. METHODS: Data were retrieved from a baseline survey of lifestyle factors, dietary behavior, and SES, as well as anthropometric evaluations during a physical examination, for 100 confirmed primary sporadic colorectal cancer patients from Northwest Iran. RESULTS: High socioeconomic status was significantly associated with higher likelihood of a KRAS gene mutation (P < 0.05) (odds ratio: 3.01; 95% CI: 0.69–13.02). Consuming carbohydrates and alcohol, working less, and having a sedentary lifestyle also increased the odds of having a KRAS mutation. CONCLUSION: Although research has not yet described the exact relationships among genetic mutations with different known risk factors in colorectal cancer, examples of the latter may have an impact on KRAS gene mutations.