Lack of relationship between cigarette smoking and alcohol use with dysplasia grade in ocular surface squamous neoplasia

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate smoking and alcohol use as risk factors for higher-grade dysplasia in a population of patients with histopathologically proven ocular surface squamous neoplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review of data extracted from a database comprising demographic information and medical diagnosis information based on International Classification of Disease codes. Outcome measures were analyzed using the Wilcoxon two-sided test, a non-parametric t-test. RESULTS: Database review yielded 35 patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia lesions proven by histopathologic analysis. The mean age was 64.51 years with SD 17.54 years. Patients were 28.57% female and 71.43% male. Nearly all patients were White (88.57%), and 5.71% were African American, 2.86% Hispanic, and 2.86% Other. There was no significant difference in dysplasia grade between smokers and non-smokers (P=0.7044), those who used alcohol vs did not use alcohol (P=0.2470), those who used tobacco and alcohol vs those who did not (P=0.5117), and those who used either tobacco or alcohol vs those who did not (P=0.8259). CONCLUSION: No statistically significant relationship was found between high-grade dysplasia and cigarette smoking, alcohol use, or both cigarette smoking and alcohol use.