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Rhinoceros beetle horn development reveals deep parallels with dung beetles

Beetle horns are attractive models for studying the evolution of novel traits, as they display diverse shapes, sizes, and numbers among closely related species within the family Scarabaeidae. Horns radiated prolifically and independently in two distant subfamilies of scarabs, the dung beetles (Scara...

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Autores principales: Ohde, Takahiro, Morita, Shinichi, Shigenobu, Shuji, Morita, Junko, Mizutani, Takeshi, Gotoh, Hiroki, Zinna, Robert A., Nakata, Moe, Ito, Yuta, Wada, Kenshi, Kitano, Yasuhiro, Yuzaki, Karen, Toga, Kouhei, Mase, Mutsuki, Kadota, Koji, Rushe, Jema, Lavine, Laura Corley, Emlen, Douglas J., Niimi, Teruyuki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6171792/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30286074
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1007651
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author Ohde, Takahiro
Morita, Shinichi
Shigenobu, Shuji
Morita, Junko
Mizutani, Takeshi
Gotoh, Hiroki
Zinna, Robert A.
Nakata, Moe
Ito, Yuta
Wada, Kenshi
Kitano, Yasuhiro
Yuzaki, Karen
Toga, Kouhei
Mase, Mutsuki
Kadota, Koji
Rushe, Jema
Lavine, Laura Corley
Emlen, Douglas J.
Niimi, Teruyuki
author_facet Ohde, Takahiro
Morita, Shinichi
Shigenobu, Shuji
Morita, Junko
Mizutani, Takeshi
Gotoh, Hiroki
Zinna, Robert A.
Nakata, Moe
Ito, Yuta
Wada, Kenshi
Kitano, Yasuhiro
Yuzaki, Karen
Toga, Kouhei
Mase, Mutsuki
Kadota, Koji
Rushe, Jema
Lavine, Laura Corley
Emlen, Douglas J.
Niimi, Teruyuki
author_sort Ohde, Takahiro
collection PubMed
description Beetle horns are attractive models for studying the evolution of novel traits, as they display diverse shapes, sizes, and numbers among closely related species within the family Scarabaeidae. Horns radiated prolifically and independently in two distant subfamilies of scarabs, the dung beetles (Scarabaeinae), and the rhinoceros beetles (Dynastinae). However, current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying horn diversification remains limited to a single genus of dung beetles, Onthophagus. Here we unveil 11 horn formation genes in a rhinoceros beetle, Trypoxylus dichotomus. These 11 genes are mostly categorized as larval head- and appendage-patterning genes that also are involved in Onthophagus horn formation, suggesting the same suite of genes was recruited in each lineage during horn evolution. Although our RNAi analyses reveal interesting differences in the functions of a few of these genes, the overwhelming conclusion is that both head and thoracic horns develop similarly in Trypoxylus and Onthophagus, originating in the same developmental regions and deploying similar portions of appendage patterning networks during their growth. Our findings highlight deep parallels in the development of rhinoceros and dung beetle horns, suggesting either that both horn types arose in the common ancestor of all scarabs, a surprising reconstruction of horn evolution that would mean the majority of scarab species (~35,000) actively repress horn growth, or that parallel origins of these extravagant structures resulted from repeated co-option of the same underlying developmental processes.
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spelling pubmed-61717922018-10-19 Rhinoceros beetle horn development reveals deep parallels with dung beetles Ohde, Takahiro Morita, Shinichi Shigenobu, Shuji Morita, Junko Mizutani, Takeshi Gotoh, Hiroki Zinna, Robert A. Nakata, Moe Ito, Yuta Wada, Kenshi Kitano, Yasuhiro Yuzaki, Karen Toga, Kouhei Mase, Mutsuki Kadota, Koji Rushe, Jema Lavine, Laura Corley Emlen, Douglas J. Niimi, Teruyuki PLoS Genet Research Article Beetle horns are attractive models for studying the evolution of novel traits, as they display diverse shapes, sizes, and numbers among closely related species within the family Scarabaeidae. Horns radiated prolifically and independently in two distant subfamilies of scarabs, the dung beetles (Scarabaeinae), and the rhinoceros beetles (Dynastinae). However, current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying horn diversification remains limited to a single genus of dung beetles, Onthophagus. Here we unveil 11 horn formation genes in a rhinoceros beetle, Trypoxylus dichotomus. These 11 genes are mostly categorized as larval head- and appendage-patterning genes that also are involved in Onthophagus horn formation, suggesting the same suite of genes was recruited in each lineage during horn evolution. Although our RNAi analyses reveal interesting differences in the functions of a few of these genes, the overwhelming conclusion is that both head and thoracic horns develop similarly in Trypoxylus and Onthophagus, originating in the same developmental regions and deploying similar portions of appendage patterning networks during their growth. Our findings highlight deep parallels in the development of rhinoceros and dung beetle horns, suggesting either that both horn types arose in the common ancestor of all scarabs, a surprising reconstruction of horn evolution that would mean the majority of scarab species (~35,000) actively repress horn growth, or that parallel origins of these extravagant structures resulted from repeated co-option of the same underlying developmental processes. Public Library of Science 2018-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6171792/ /pubmed/30286074 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1007651 Text en © 2018 Ohde et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ohde, Takahiro
Morita, Shinichi
Shigenobu, Shuji
Morita, Junko
Mizutani, Takeshi
Gotoh, Hiroki
Zinna, Robert A.
Nakata, Moe
Ito, Yuta
Wada, Kenshi
Kitano, Yasuhiro
Yuzaki, Karen
Toga, Kouhei
Mase, Mutsuki
Kadota, Koji
Rushe, Jema
Lavine, Laura Corley
Emlen, Douglas J.
Niimi, Teruyuki
Rhinoceros beetle horn development reveals deep parallels with dung beetles
title Rhinoceros beetle horn development reveals deep parallels with dung beetles
title_full Rhinoceros beetle horn development reveals deep parallels with dung beetles
title_fullStr Rhinoceros beetle horn development reveals deep parallels with dung beetles
title_full_unstemmed Rhinoceros beetle horn development reveals deep parallels with dung beetles
title_short Rhinoceros beetle horn development reveals deep parallels with dung beetles
title_sort rhinoceros beetle horn development reveals deep parallels with dung beetles
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6171792/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30286074
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1007651
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