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Tear production and intraocular pressure values in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus)

The objective of this study was to determine the normal range of tear production and values of intraocular pressure (IOP) in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus). A total of 86 birds: 81 cygnets (6-10 weeks old) and 5 moulting – adult swans (3-6 years old) were examined in this st...

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Autores principales: Kovalcuka, Liga, Boiko, Dmitrij, Williams, David L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli and Libyan Authority for Research, Science and Technology 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6172406/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30483458
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v8i3.14
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author Kovalcuka, Liga
Boiko, Dmitrij
Williams, David L.
author_facet Kovalcuka, Liga
Boiko, Dmitrij
Williams, David L.
author_sort Kovalcuka, Liga
collection PubMed
description The objective of this study was to determine the normal range of tear production and values of intraocular pressure (IOP) in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus). A total of 86 birds: 81 cygnets (6-10 weeks old) and 5 moulting – adult swans (3-6 years old) were examined in this study. Both eyes of all birds underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, including evaluation of tear production with the phenol red thread test (PRTT) and the assessment of the IOP by rebound tonometry, employing the TonoVet(®) device. The mean ± standard deviation of PRTT values were as follows: all cygnets (81) 22.59±3.48 mm/15s, male cygnets (45) 22.64±3.54 mm/15s, female cygnets (36) 22.53±3.44 mm/15s. IOP was as follows: all cygnets 11.30±3.55 mmHg, male cygnets 10.93±3.56 mmHg, female cygnets 11.74±3.50 mmHg. No statistically significant differences between right and left eye and between female and male cygnets were found for IOP and PRTT values. This study provides the reference values for the PRTT and IOP in healthy whooper swan cygnets, showing that PRTT determination of the tear production and rebound tonometry to evaluate the IOP methods are practical methods for ophthalmic examination in swans.
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spelling pubmed-61724062018-11-27 Tear production and intraocular pressure values in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus) Kovalcuka, Liga Boiko, Dmitrij Williams, David L. Open Vet J Original Article The objective of this study was to determine the normal range of tear production and values of intraocular pressure (IOP) in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus). A total of 86 birds: 81 cygnets (6-10 weeks old) and 5 moulting – adult swans (3-6 years old) were examined in this study. Both eyes of all birds underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, including evaluation of tear production with the phenol red thread test (PRTT) and the assessment of the IOP by rebound tonometry, employing the TonoVet(®) device. The mean ± standard deviation of PRTT values were as follows: all cygnets (81) 22.59±3.48 mm/15s, male cygnets (45) 22.64±3.54 mm/15s, female cygnets (36) 22.53±3.44 mm/15s. IOP was as follows: all cygnets 11.30±3.55 mmHg, male cygnets 10.93±3.56 mmHg, female cygnets 11.74±3.50 mmHg. No statistically significant differences between right and left eye and between female and male cygnets were found for IOP and PRTT values. This study provides the reference values for the PRTT and IOP in healthy whooper swan cygnets, showing that PRTT determination of the tear production and rebound tonometry to evaluate the IOP methods are practical methods for ophthalmic examination in swans. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli and Libyan Authority for Research, Science and Technology 2018 2018-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6172406/ /pubmed/30483458 http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v8i3.14 Text en Copyright: © Open Veterinary Journal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 Open Veterinary Journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
spellingShingle Original Article
Kovalcuka, Liga
Boiko, Dmitrij
Williams, David L.
Tear production and intraocular pressure values in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus)
title Tear production and intraocular pressure values in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus)
title_full Tear production and intraocular pressure values in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus)
title_fullStr Tear production and intraocular pressure values in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus)
title_full_unstemmed Tear production and intraocular pressure values in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus)
title_short Tear production and intraocular pressure values in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus)
title_sort tear production and intraocular pressure values in clinically normal eyes of whooper swans (cygnus cygnus)
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6172406/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30483458
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v8i3.14
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