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A loss of a velocity‐duration trade‐off impairs movement precision in patients with cerebellar degeneration
Current theories discussing the role of the cerebellum have been consistently pointing towards the concept of motor learning. The unavailability of a structure for motor learning able to use information on past errors to change future movements should cause consistent metrical deviations and an inab...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6175307/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29972715 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14062 |
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author | Markanday, Akshay Messner, Julian Thier, Peter |
author_facet | Markanday, Akshay Messner, Julian Thier, Peter |
author_sort | Markanday, Akshay |
collection | PubMed |
description | Current theories discussing the role of the cerebellum have been consistently pointing towards the concept of motor learning. The unavailability of a structure for motor learning able to use information on past errors to change future movements should cause consistent metrical deviations and an inability to correct them; however, it should not boost “motor noise.” However, dysmetria, a loss of endpoint precision and an increase in endpoint variability (“motor noise”) of goal‐directed movements is the central aspect of cerebellar ataxia. Does the prevention of dysmetria or “motor noise” by the healthy cerebellum tell us anything about its normal function? We hypothesize that the healthy cerebellum is able to prevent dysmetria by adjusting movement duration such as to compensate changes in movement velocity. To address this question, we studied fast goal‐directed index finger movements in patients with global cerebellar degeneration and in healthy subjects. We demonstrate that healthy subjects are able to maintain endpoint precision despite continuous fluctuations in movement velocity because they are able to adjust the overall movement duration in a fully compensatory manner (“velocity‐duration trade‐off”). We furthermore provide evidence that this velocity‐duration trade‐off accommodated by the healthy cerebellum is based on a priori information on the future movement velocity. This ability is lost in cerebellar disease. We suggest that the dysmetria observed in cerebellar patients is a direct consequence of the loss of a cerebellum‐based velocity‐duration trade‐off mechanism that continuously fine‐tunes movement durations using information on the expected velocity of the upcoming movement. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6175307 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61753072018-10-15 A loss of a velocity‐duration trade‐off impairs movement precision in patients with cerebellar degeneration Markanday, Akshay Messner, Julian Thier, Peter Eur J Neurosci Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Current theories discussing the role of the cerebellum have been consistently pointing towards the concept of motor learning. The unavailability of a structure for motor learning able to use information on past errors to change future movements should cause consistent metrical deviations and an inability to correct them; however, it should not boost “motor noise.” However, dysmetria, a loss of endpoint precision and an increase in endpoint variability (“motor noise”) of goal‐directed movements is the central aspect of cerebellar ataxia. Does the prevention of dysmetria or “motor noise” by the healthy cerebellum tell us anything about its normal function? We hypothesize that the healthy cerebellum is able to prevent dysmetria by adjusting movement duration such as to compensate changes in movement velocity. To address this question, we studied fast goal‐directed index finger movements in patients with global cerebellar degeneration and in healthy subjects. We demonstrate that healthy subjects are able to maintain endpoint precision despite continuous fluctuations in movement velocity because they are able to adjust the overall movement duration in a fully compensatory manner (“velocity‐duration trade‐off”). We furthermore provide evidence that this velocity‐duration trade‐off accommodated by the healthy cerebellum is based on a priori information on the future movement velocity. This ability is lost in cerebellar disease. We suggest that the dysmetria observed in cerebellar patients is a direct consequence of the loss of a cerebellum‐based velocity‐duration trade‐off mechanism that continuously fine‐tunes movement durations using information on the expected velocity of the upcoming movement. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-07-26 2018-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6175307/ /pubmed/29972715 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14062 Text en © 2018 The Authors. European Journal of Neuroscience published by Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Markanday, Akshay Messner, Julian Thier, Peter A loss of a velocity‐duration trade‐off impairs movement precision in patients with cerebellar degeneration |
title | A loss of a velocity‐duration trade‐off impairs movement precision in patients with cerebellar degeneration |
title_full | A loss of a velocity‐duration trade‐off impairs movement precision in patients with cerebellar degeneration |
title_fullStr | A loss of a velocity‐duration trade‐off impairs movement precision in patients with cerebellar degeneration |
title_full_unstemmed | A loss of a velocity‐duration trade‐off impairs movement precision in patients with cerebellar degeneration |
title_short | A loss of a velocity‐duration trade‐off impairs movement precision in patients with cerebellar degeneration |
title_sort | loss of a velocity‐duration trade‐off impairs movement precision in patients with cerebellar degeneration |
topic | Clinical and Translational Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6175307/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29972715 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14062 |
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