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Tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency in US children
IMPORTANCE: The role of tobacco-smoke exposure on serum vitamin D concentration in US pediatric population is not known. We hypothesized that tobacco smoke exposure would increase the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in US children. METHODS: Representative national data were accessed from the Nati...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6175516/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30296288 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205342 |
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author | Nwosu, Benjamin Udoka Kum-Nji, Philip |
author_facet | Nwosu, Benjamin Udoka Kum-Nji, Philip |
author_sort | Nwosu, Benjamin Udoka |
collection | PubMed |
description | IMPORTANCE: The role of tobacco-smoke exposure on serum vitamin D concentration in US pediatric population is not known. We hypothesized that tobacco smoke exposure would increase the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in US children. METHODS: Representative national data were accessed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2010 databank on 2,263 subjects of ages 3 to 17 years. Subjects were categorized into two groups based on their age: children, if <10 years; and youth if 10 to 17 years. Descriptive and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the effect of serum cotinine-verified tobacco smoke exposure on vitamin D status after controlling for key sociodemographic confounders. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D <20 ng/mL, insufficiency as 25(OH)D of 20–29.9 ng/mL, and sufficiency as 25(OH)D of ≥30 ng/mL. Tobacco smoke exposure status was defined by serum cotinine concentration as follows: unexposed and non-smoking (<0.05 ng/mL) and exposed (passive and active smokers combined) (≥0.05ng/mL). Specifically, passive and active smoking were defined as cotinine of 0.05–10 ng/mL, and ≥10ng/mL respectively. RESULTS: The prevalence of second-hand smoke exposure was 42.0% (95%CI, 36.7%-47.5%); while the prevalence of active smoking among teenagers was 9.0% (95%CI, 6.2%-12.5%). Vitamin D deficiency occurred at a frequency of 15.1% in children unexposed to tobacco smoke, 20.9% in children exposed to passive tobacco smoke, and 18.0% among actively smoking youth (p<0.001). Tobacco smoke exposure independently predicted vitamin D deficiency after controlling for age, sex, race, BMI, maternal education, and family socio-economic status (OR:1.50; 95%CI, 1.14–1.85, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis of a nationwide database reports that tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency in US children. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6175516 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61755162018-10-19 Tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency in US children Nwosu, Benjamin Udoka Kum-Nji, Philip PLoS One Research Article IMPORTANCE: The role of tobacco-smoke exposure on serum vitamin D concentration in US pediatric population is not known. We hypothesized that tobacco smoke exposure would increase the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in US children. METHODS: Representative national data were accessed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2010 databank on 2,263 subjects of ages 3 to 17 years. Subjects were categorized into two groups based on their age: children, if <10 years; and youth if 10 to 17 years. Descriptive and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the effect of serum cotinine-verified tobacco smoke exposure on vitamin D status after controlling for key sociodemographic confounders. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D <20 ng/mL, insufficiency as 25(OH)D of 20–29.9 ng/mL, and sufficiency as 25(OH)D of ≥30 ng/mL. Tobacco smoke exposure status was defined by serum cotinine concentration as follows: unexposed and non-smoking (<0.05 ng/mL) and exposed (passive and active smokers combined) (≥0.05ng/mL). Specifically, passive and active smoking were defined as cotinine of 0.05–10 ng/mL, and ≥10ng/mL respectively. RESULTS: The prevalence of second-hand smoke exposure was 42.0% (95%CI, 36.7%-47.5%); while the prevalence of active smoking among teenagers was 9.0% (95%CI, 6.2%-12.5%). Vitamin D deficiency occurred at a frequency of 15.1% in children unexposed to tobacco smoke, 20.9% in children exposed to passive tobacco smoke, and 18.0% among actively smoking youth (p<0.001). Tobacco smoke exposure independently predicted vitamin D deficiency after controlling for age, sex, race, BMI, maternal education, and family socio-economic status (OR:1.50; 95%CI, 1.14–1.85, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis of a nationwide database reports that tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency in US children. Public Library of Science 2018-10-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6175516/ /pubmed/30296288 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205342 Text en © 2018 Nwosu, Kum-Nji http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Nwosu, Benjamin Udoka Kum-Nji, Philip Tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency in US children |
title | Tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency in US children |
title_full | Tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency in US children |
title_fullStr | Tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency in US children |
title_full_unstemmed | Tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency in US children |
title_short | Tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin D deficiency in US children |
title_sort | tobacco smoke exposure is an independent predictor of vitamin d deficiency in us children |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6175516/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30296288 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205342 |
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