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Automatic Lexical Access in Visual Modality: Eye-Tracking Evidence
Language processing has been suggested to be partially automatic, with some studies suggesting full automaticity and attention independence of at least early neural stages of language comprehension, in particular, lexical access. Existing neurophysiological evidence has demonstrated early lexically...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6176043/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30333775 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01847 |
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author | Stupina, Ekaterina Myachykov, Andriy Shtyrov, Yury |
author_facet | Stupina, Ekaterina Myachykov, Andriy Shtyrov, Yury |
author_sort | Stupina, Ekaterina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Language processing has been suggested to be partially automatic, with some studies suggesting full automaticity and attention independence of at least early neural stages of language comprehension, in particular, lexical access. Existing neurophysiological evidence has demonstrated early lexically specific brain responses (enhanced activation for real words) to orthographic stimuli presented parafoveally even under the condition of withdrawn attention. These studies, however, did not control participants’ eye movements leaving a possibility that they may have foveated the stimuli, leading to overt processing. To address this caveat, we recorded eye movements to words, pseudowords, and non-words presented parafoveally for a short duration while participants performed a dual non-linguistic feature detection task (color combination) foveally, in the focus of their visual attention. Our results revealed very few saccades to the orthographic stimuli or even to their previous locations. However, analysis of post-experimental recall and recognition performance showed above-chance memory performance for the linguistic stimuli. These results suggest that partial lexical access may indeed take place in the presence of an unrelated demanding task and in the absence of overt attention to the linguistic stimuli. As such, our data further inform automatic and largely attention-independent theories of lexical access. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6176043 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61760432018-10-17 Automatic Lexical Access in Visual Modality: Eye-Tracking Evidence Stupina, Ekaterina Myachykov, Andriy Shtyrov, Yury Front Psychol Psychology Language processing has been suggested to be partially automatic, with some studies suggesting full automaticity and attention independence of at least early neural stages of language comprehension, in particular, lexical access. Existing neurophysiological evidence has demonstrated early lexically specific brain responses (enhanced activation for real words) to orthographic stimuli presented parafoveally even under the condition of withdrawn attention. These studies, however, did not control participants’ eye movements leaving a possibility that they may have foveated the stimuli, leading to overt processing. To address this caveat, we recorded eye movements to words, pseudowords, and non-words presented parafoveally for a short duration while participants performed a dual non-linguistic feature detection task (color combination) foveally, in the focus of their visual attention. Our results revealed very few saccades to the orthographic stimuli or even to their previous locations. However, analysis of post-experimental recall and recognition performance showed above-chance memory performance for the linguistic stimuli. These results suggest that partial lexical access may indeed take place in the presence of an unrelated demanding task and in the absence of overt attention to the linguistic stimuli. As such, our data further inform automatic and largely attention-independent theories of lexical access. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-10-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6176043/ /pubmed/30333775 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01847 Text en Copyright © 2018 Stupina, Myachykov and Shtyrov. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Stupina, Ekaterina Myachykov, Andriy Shtyrov, Yury Automatic Lexical Access in Visual Modality: Eye-Tracking Evidence |
title | Automatic Lexical Access in Visual Modality: Eye-Tracking Evidence |
title_full | Automatic Lexical Access in Visual Modality: Eye-Tracking Evidence |
title_fullStr | Automatic Lexical Access in Visual Modality: Eye-Tracking Evidence |
title_full_unstemmed | Automatic Lexical Access in Visual Modality: Eye-Tracking Evidence |
title_short | Automatic Lexical Access in Visual Modality: Eye-Tracking Evidence |
title_sort | automatic lexical access in visual modality: eye-tracking evidence |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6176043/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30333775 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01847 |
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