Complete Rectal Prolapse in Children: Case Report, Review of Literature, and Latest Trends in Management

BACKGROUND: Complete rectal prolapse is the circumferential descent of all the layers of the rectum through the anus. It often leads to bleeding, obstructed defecation, incarceration or fecal incontinence. CASE REPORT: We present a rare case of a 4-year-old child with complete rectal prolapse of 12 cm in length. The prolapsed rectum was manually repositioned after reducing the oedema. The precipitating factor was identified as excessive straining while passing stools. A change in position while passing stools was advised along with a high fibre diet and a stool softener. Recurrence was not observed in the 3 month of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Most cases of pediatric rectal prolapse are managed conservatively by addressing the associated and precipitating etiological factors. Surgical intervention may be required for recurrent or persistent cases.