Yolk Sac Tumor of Stomach: Case Report and Review of Literature

Gastric yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are very rare. Only seven cases of pure YST of the stomach, with a median age of 65 years, and five cases of YST combined with adenocarcinoma have been reported. We report a 3-year-old boy who presented to us with recurrent episodes of melena and anemia of 2 months' duration. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a deeply excavated ulcer on the lesser curvature, 4 cm from the gastroesophageal junction. Computed tomography (CT) abdomen revealed large heterogeneously enhancing soft-tissue mass lesion in the lesser sac with indistinct fat planes with the lesser curvature of the stomach with multiple peripherally enhancing lesions in both lobes of liver and omentum, suggestive of metastasis. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was 21,000 ng/ml. Tru-cut biopsy from the mass was suggestive of YST. Following three courses of chemotherapy based on Cisplatin, Etoposide and Bleomycin (PEB), sleeve gastrectomy with excision of the mass with omentectomy with biopsy of the liver nodules with a sampling of perigastric lymph nodes was done. Histopathology revealed only necrotic tissue with no evidence of residual malignancy. Three-month follow-up CT revealed no residual mass with AFP of 3 ng/ml.