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Malus sieversii: the origin, flavonoid synthesis mechanism, and breeding of red-skinned and red-fleshed apples

Flavonoids play essential roles in human health. Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), one of the most widely produced and economically important fruit crops in temperate regions, is a significant source of flavonoids in the human diet and is among the top nutritionally rated and most widely consumed frui...

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Autores principales: Wang, Nan, Jiang, Shenghui, Zhang, Zongying, Fang, Hongcheng, Xu, Haifeng, Wang, Yicheng, Chen, Xuesen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6186759/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30345062
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41438-018-0084-4
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author Wang, Nan
Jiang, Shenghui
Zhang, Zongying
Fang, Hongcheng
Xu, Haifeng
Wang, Yicheng
Chen, Xuesen
author_facet Wang, Nan
Jiang, Shenghui
Zhang, Zongying
Fang, Hongcheng
Xu, Haifeng
Wang, Yicheng
Chen, Xuesen
author_sort Wang, Nan
collection PubMed
description Flavonoids play essential roles in human health. Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), one of the most widely produced and economically important fruit crops in temperate regions, is a significant source of flavonoids in the human diet and is among the top nutritionally rated and most widely consumed fruits worldwide. Epidemiological studies have shown that the consumption of apples, which are rich in a variety of free and easily absorbable flavonoids, is associated with a decreased risk of various diseases. However, apple production is challenged by serious inbreeding problems. The narrowing of the hereditary base has resulted in apples with poor nutritional quality and low flavonoid contents. Recently, there have been advances in our understanding of the roles that Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M.Roem has played in the process of apple domestication and breeding. In this study, we review the origin of cultivated apples and red-fleshed apples, and discuss the genetic diversity and construction of the core collections of M. sieversii. We also discuss current research progress and breeding programs on red-skinned and red-fleshed apples and summarize the exploitation and utilization of M. sieversii in the breeding of high-flavonoid, and red-fleshed apples. This study highlights a valuable pattern of horticultural crop breeding using wild germplasm resources. The future challenges and directions of research on the molecular mechanisms of flavonoid accumulation and high-flavonoid apple breeding are discussed.
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spelling pubmed-61867592018-10-19 Malus sieversii: the origin, flavonoid synthesis mechanism, and breeding of red-skinned and red-fleshed apples Wang, Nan Jiang, Shenghui Zhang, Zongying Fang, Hongcheng Xu, Haifeng Wang, Yicheng Chen, Xuesen Hortic Res Review Article Flavonoids play essential roles in human health. Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), one of the most widely produced and economically important fruit crops in temperate regions, is a significant source of flavonoids in the human diet and is among the top nutritionally rated and most widely consumed fruits worldwide. Epidemiological studies have shown that the consumption of apples, which are rich in a variety of free and easily absorbable flavonoids, is associated with a decreased risk of various diseases. However, apple production is challenged by serious inbreeding problems. The narrowing of the hereditary base has resulted in apples with poor nutritional quality and low flavonoid contents. Recently, there have been advances in our understanding of the roles that Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M.Roem has played in the process of apple domestication and breeding. In this study, we review the origin of cultivated apples and red-fleshed apples, and discuss the genetic diversity and construction of the core collections of M. sieversii. We also discuss current research progress and breeding programs on red-skinned and red-fleshed apples and summarize the exploitation and utilization of M. sieversii in the breeding of high-flavonoid, and red-fleshed apples. This study highlights a valuable pattern of horticultural crop breeding using wild germplasm resources. The future challenges and directions of research on the molecular mechanisms of flavonoid accumulation and high-flavonoid apple breeding are discussed. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6186759/ /pubmed/30345062 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41438-018-0084-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Review Article
Wang, Nan
Jiang, Shenghui
Zhang, Zongying
Fang, Hongcheng
Xu, Haifeng
Wang, Yicheng
Chen, Xuesen
Malus sieversii: the origin, flavonoid synthesis mechanism, and breeding of red-skinned and red-fleshed apples
title Malus sieversii: the origin, flavonoid synthesis mechanism, and breeding of red-skinned and red-fleshed apples
title_full Malus sieversii: the origin, flavonoid synthesis mechanism, and breeding of red-skinned and red-fleshed apples
title_fullStr Malus sieversii: the origin, flavonoid synthesis mechanism, and breeding of red-skinned and red-fleshed apples
title_full_unstemmed Malus sieversii: the origin, flavonoid synthesis mechanism, and breeding of red-skinned and red-fleshed apples
title_short Malus sieversii: the origin, flavonoid synthesis mechanism, and breeding of red-skinned and red-fleshed apples
title_sort malus sieversii: the origin, flavonoid synthesis mechanism, and breeding of red-skinned and red-fleshed apples
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6186759/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30345062
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41438-018-0084-4
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