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Agrichemicals and antibiotics in combination increase antibiotic resistance evolution

Antibiotic resistance in our pathogens is medicine’s climate change: caused by human activity, and resulting in more extreme outcomes. Resistance emerges in microbial populations when antibiotics act on phenotypic variance within the population. This can arise from either genotypic diversity (result...

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Autores principales: Kurenbach, Brigitta, Hill, Amy M., Godsoe, William, van Hamelsveld, Sophie, Heinemann, Jack A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6188010/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30345180
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5801
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author Kurenbach, Brigitta
Hill, Amy M.
Godsoe, William
van Hamelsveld, Sophie
Heinemann, Jack A.
author_facet Kurenbach, Brigitta
Hill, Amy M.
Godsoe, William
van Hamelsveld, Sophie
Heinemann, Jack A.
author_sort Kurenbach, Brigitta
collection PubMed
description Antibiotic resistance in our pathogens is medicine’s climate change: caused by human activity, and resulting in more extreme outcomes. Resistance emerges in microbial populations when antibiotics act on phenotypic variance within the population. This can arise from either genotypic diversity (resulting from a mutation or horizontal gene transfer), or from differences in gene expression due to environmental variation, referred to as adaptive resistance. Adaptive changes can increase fitness allowing bacteria to survive at higher concentrations of antibiotics. They can also decrease fitness, potentially leading to selection for antibiotic resistance at lower concentrations. There are opportunities for other environmental stressors to promote antibiotic resistance in ways that are hard to predict using conventional assays. Exploiting our previous observation that commonly used herbicides can increase or decrease the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of different antibiotics, we provide the first comprehensive test of the hypothesis that the rate of antibiotic resistance evolution under specified conditions can increase, regardless of whether a herbicide increases or decreases the antibiotic MIC. Short term evolution experiments were used for various herbicide and antibiotic combinations. We found conditions where acquired resistance arises more frequently regardless of whether the exogenous non-antibiotic agent increased or decreased antibiotic effectiveness. This is attributed to the effect of the herbicide on either MIC or the minimum selective concentration (MSC) of a paired antibiotic. The MSC is the lowest concentration of antibiotic at which the fitness of individuals varies because of the antibiotic, and is lower than MIC. Our results suggest that additional environmental factors influencing competition between bacteria could enhance the ability of antibiotics to select antibiotic resistance. Our work demonstrates that bacteria may acquire antibiotic resistance in the environment at rates substantially faster than predicted from laboratory conditions.
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spelling pubmed-61880102018-10-19 Agrichemicals and antibiotics in combination increase antibiotic resistance evolution Kurenbach, Brigitta Hill, Amy M. Godsoe, William van Hamelsveld, Sophie Heinemann, Jack A. PeerJ Agricultural Science Antibiotic resistance in our pathogens is medicine’s climate change: caused by human activity, and resulting in more extreme outcomes. Resistance emerges in microbial populations when antibiotics act on phenotypic variance within the population. This can arise from either genotypic diversity (resulting from a mutation or horizontal gene transfer), or from differences in gene expression due to environmental variation, referred to as adaptive resistance. Adaptive changes can increase fitness allowing bacteria to survive at higher concentrations of antibiotics. They can also decrease fitness, potentially leading to selection for antibiotic resistance at lower concentrations. There are opportunities for other environmental stressors to promote antibiotic resistance in ways that are hard to predict using conventional assays. Exploiting our previous observation that commonly used herbicides can increase or decrease the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of different antibiotics, we provide the first comprehensive test of the hypothesis that the rate of antibiotic resistance evolution under specified conditions can increase, regardless of whether a herbicide increases or decreases the antibiotic MIC. Short term evolution experiments were used for various herbicide and antibiotic combinations. We found conditions where acquired resistance arises more frequently regardless of whether the exogenous non-antibiotic agent increased or decreased antibiotic effectiveness. This is attributed to the effect of the herbicide on either MIC or the minimum selective concentration (MSC) of a paired antibiotic. The MSC is the lowest concentration of antibiotic at which the fitness of individuals varies because of the antibiotic, and is lower than MIC. Our results suggest that additional environmental factors influencing competition between bacteria could enhance the ability of antibiotics to select antibiotic resistance. Our work demonstrates that bacteria may acquire antibiotic resistance in the environment at rates substantially faster than predicted from laboratory conditions. PeerJ Inc. 2018-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6188010/ /pubmed/30345180 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5801 Text en ©2018 Kurenbach et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Agricultural Science
Kurenbach, Brigitta
Hill, Amy M.
Godsoe, William
van Hamelsveld, Sophie
Heinemann, Jack A.
Agrichemicals and antibiotics in combination increase antibiotic resistance evolution
title Agrichemicals and antibiotics in combination increase antibiotic resistance evolution
title_full Agrichemicals and antibiotics in combination increase antibiotic resistance evolution
title_fullStr Agrichemicals and antibiotics in combination increase antibiotic resistance evolution
title_full_unstemmed Agrichemicals and antibiotics in combination increase antibiotic resistance evolution
title_short Agrichemicals and antibiotics in combination increase antibiotic resistance evolution
title_sort agrichemicals and antibiotics in combination increase antibiotic resistance evolution
topic Agricultural Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6188010/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30345180
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5801
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