肺癌患者静脉血栓栓塞症的发生及其抗凝治疗

Lung cancer is the first leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a recognized complication in patients with lung cancer, which is one of the leading cause of death in lung cancer patients. The cancer-related, patient-related and treatment-related factors are the main causes of VTE in lung cancer patients. Malignant cells can directly activate blood coagulation by producing tissue factor (TF), cancer procoagulance (CP), inflammatory factors and cytokines; And the one of predominant mechanisms in cancer-related thrombosis is the overexpression of TF. The 10(th) edition of the antithrombotic therapy guidelines for VTE with cancer patients (AT-10) published in 2016 by American College of Chest Physicians (APCC) recommended that anticoagulant therapy is the basic treatment for patients with lung cancer complicated with VTE; And low molecular-weight-heparin (LMWH) is preferred as an anticoagulant drug, but can be use with caution due to increasing risk of bleeding.