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High-Pressure Acceleration of Nanoliter Droplets in the Gas Phase in a Microchannel

Microfluidics has been used to perform various chemical operations for pL–nL volumes of samples, such as mixing, reaction and separation, by exploiting diffusion, viscous forces, and surface tension, which are dominant in spaces with dimensions on the micrometer scale. To further develop this field,...

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Autores principales: Kazoe, Yutaka, Yamashiro, Ippei, Mawatari, Kazuma, Kitamori, Takehiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6190114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30404314
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi7080142
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author Kazoe, Yutaka
Yamashiro, Ippei
Mawatari, Kazuma
Kitamori, Takehiko
author_facet Kazoe, Yutaka
Yamashiro, Ippei
Mawatari, Kazuma
Kitamori, Takehiko
author_sort Kazoe, Yutaka
collection PubMed
description Microfluidics has been used to perform various chemical operations for pL–nL volumes of samples, such as mixing, reaction and separation, by exploiting diffusion, viscous forces, and surface tension, which are dominant in spaces with dimensions on the micrometer scale. To further develop this field, we previously developed a novel microfluidic device, termed a microdroplet collider, which exploits spatially and temporally localized kinetic energy. This device accelerates a microdroplet in the gas phase along a microchannel until it collides with a target. We demonstrated 6000-fold faster mixing compared to mixing by diffusion; however, the droplet acceleration was not optimized, because the experiments were conducted for only one droplet size and at pressures in the 10–100 kPa range. In this study, we investigated the acceleration of a microdroplet using a high-pressure (MPa) control system, in order to achieve higher acceleration and kinetic energy. The motion of the nL droplet was observed using a high-speed complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) camera. A maximum droplet velocity of ~5 m/s was achieved at a pressure of 1–2 MPa. Despite the higher fluid resistance, longer droplets yielded higher acceleration and kinetic energy, because droplet splitting was a determining factor in the acceleration and using a longer droplet helped prevent it. The results provide design guidelines for achieving higher kinetic energies in the microdroplet collider for various microfluidic applications.
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spelling pubmed-61901142018-11-01 High-Pressure Acceleration of Nanoliter Droplets in the Gas Phase in a Microchannel Kazoe, Yutaka Yamashiro, Ippei Mawatari, Kazuma Kitamori, Takehiko Micromachines (Basel) Article Microfluidics has been used to perform various chemical operations for pL–nL volumes of samples, such as mixing, reaction and separation, by exploiting diffusion, viscous forces, and surface tension, which are dominant in spaces with dimensions on the micrometer scale. To further develop this field, we previously developed a novel microfluidic device, termed a microdroplet collider, which exploits spatially and temporally localized kinetic energy. This device accelerates a microdroplet in the gas phase along a microchannel until it collides with a target. We demonstrated 6000-fold faster mixing compared to mixing by diffusion; however, the droplet acceleration was not optimized, because the experiments were conducted for only one droplet size and at pressures in the 10–100 kPa range. In this study, we investigated the acceleration of a microdroplet using a high-pressure (MPa) control system, in order to achieve higher acceleration and kinetic energy. The motion of the nL droplet was observed using a high-speed complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) camera. A maximum droplet velocity of ~5 m/s was achieved at a pressure of 1–2 MPa. Despite the higher fluid resistance, longer droplets yielded higher acceleration and kinetic energy, because droplet splitting was a determining factor in the acceleration and using a longer droplet helped prevent it. The results provide design guidelines for achieving higher kinetic energies in the microdroplet collider for various microfluidic applications. MDPI 2016-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6190114/ /pubmed/30404314 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi7080142 Text en © 2016 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kazoe, Yutaka
Yamashiro, Ippei
Mawatari, Kazuma
Kitamori, Takehiko
High-Pressure Acceleration of Nanoliter Droplets in the Gas Phase in a Microchannel
title High-Pressure Acceleration of Nanoliter Droplets in the Gas Phase in a Microchannel
title_full High-Pressure Acceleration of Nanoliter Droplets in the Gas Phase in a Microchannel
title_fullStr High-Pressure Acceleration of Nanoliter Droplets in the Gas Phase in a Microchannel
title_full_unstemmed High-Pressure Acceleration of Nanoliter Droplets in the Gas Phase in a Microchannel
title_short High-Pressure Acceleration of Nanoliter Droplets in the Gas Phase in a Microchannel
title_sort high-pressure acceleration of nanoliter droplets in the gas phase in a microchannel
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6190114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30404314
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi7080142
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