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Heterologous effects of infant BCG vaccination: potential mechanisms of immunity

The current antituberculosis vaccine, BCG, was derived in the 1920s, yet the mechanisms of BCG-induced protective immunity and the variability of protective efficacy among populations are still not fully understood. BCG challenges the concept of vaccine specificity, as there is evidence that BCG may...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Butkeviciute, Egle, Jones, Christine E, Smith, Steven G
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Future Medicine Ltd 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6190278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30117744
http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2018-0026
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author Butkeviciute, Egle
Jones, Christine E
Smith, Steven G
author_facet Butkeviciute, Egle
Jones, Christine E
Smith, Steven G
author_sort Butkeviciute, Egle
collection PubMed
description The current antituberculosis vaccine, BCG, was derived in the 1920s, yet the mechanisms of BCG-induced protective immunity and the variability of protective efficacy among populations are still not fully understood. BCG challenges the concept of vaccine specificity, as there is evidence that BCG may protect immunized infants from pathogens other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis – resulting in heterologous or nonspecific protection. This review summarizes the up-to-date evidence for this phenomenon, potential immunological mechanisms and implications for improved childhood vaccine design. BCG induces functional changes in infant innate and adaptive immune compartments, encouraging their collaboration in the first year of life. Understanding biological mechanisms beyond heterologous BCG effects is crucial to improve infant protection from infectious diseases.
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spelling pubmed-61902782018-10-19 Heterologous effects of infant BCG vaccination: potential mechanisms of immunity Butkeviciute, Egle Jones, Christine E Smith, Steven G Future Microbiol Review The current antituberculosis vaccine, BCG, was derived in the 1920s, yet the mechanisms of BCG-induced protective immunity and the variability of protective efficacy among populations are still not fully understood. BCG challenges the concept of vaccine specificity, as there is evidence that BCG may protect immunized infants from pathogens other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis – resulting in heterologous or nonspecific protection. This review summarizes the up-to-date evidence for this phenomenon, potential immunological mechanisms and implications for improved childhood vaccine design. BCG induces functional changes in infant innate and adaptive immune compartments, encouraging their collaboration in the first year of life. Understanding biological mechanisms beyond heterologous BCG effects is crucial to improve infant protection from infectious diseases. Future Medicine Ltd 2018-08 2018-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6190278/ /pubmed/30117744 http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2018-0026 Text en © 2018 Dr Steven G Smith This work is licensed under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
spellingShingle Review
Butkeviciute, Egle
Jones, Christine E
Smith, Steven G
Heterologous effects of infant BCG vaccination: potential mechanisms of immunity
title Heterologous effects of infant BCG vaccination: potential mechanisms of immunity
title_full Heterologous effects of infant BCG vaccination: potential mechanisms of immunity
title_fullStr Heterologous effects of infant BCG vaccination: potential mechanisms of immunity
title_full_unstemmed Heterologous effects of infant BCG vaccination: potential mechanisms of immunity
title_short Heterologous effects of infant BCG vaccination: potential mechanisms of immunity
title_sort heterologous effects of infant bcg vaccination: potential mechanisms of immunity
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6190278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30117744
http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2018-0026
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