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Effect of Endurance and Strength Training on the Slow Component of [Image: see text] O(2) Kinetics in Elderly Humans
We compared the effects of 8 weeks of high intensity, aerobic interval training (HIT) and isoinertial resistance training (IRT) on: (i) [Image: see text] O(2) kinetics during heavy (HiEx) intensity exercise and; (ii) work economy during moderate (ModEx) intensity exercise in 12 healthy elderly men (...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6190757/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30356819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01353 |
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author | Tam, Enrico Bruseghini, Paolo Capelli, Carlo Oliboni, Eugenio Pezzato, Andrea Pogliaghi, Silvia Pozzi Mucelli, Roberto Schena, Federico Calabria, Elisa |
author_facet | Tam, Enrico Bruseghini, Paolo Capelli, Carlo Oliboni, Eugenio Pezzato, Andrea Pogliaghi, Silvia Pozzi Mucelli, Roberto Schena, Federico Calabria, Elisa |
author_sort | Tam, Enrico |
collection | PubMed |
description | We compared the effects of 8 weeks of high intensity, aerobic interval training (HIT) and isoinertial resistance training (IRT) on: (i) [Image: see text] O(2) kinetics during heavy (HiEx) intensity exercise and; (ii) work economy during moderate (ModEx) intensity exercise in 12 healthy elderly men (69.3 ± 4.2 years). Breath-by-breath [Image: see text] O(2) and muscle deoxygenation ([HHb] by means of NIRS) were measured in HiEx and ModEx at identical workloads before and after trainings. In HiEx, [Image: see text] O(2) and HHb responses were modeled as tri-exponential and mono-exponential increasing functions, respectively. A two-way ANOVA for repeated measures analysis was made; Effect size (η(2)) was also evaluated. After HIT the amplitude and the time delay of the slow component of O(2) uptake ([Image: see text] O(2sc)) during HiEx were smaller (−32%; P = 0.045) and longer (+19.5%; P = 0.001), respectively. At Post IRT: (i) during ModEx, gain was lower (−5%; P = 0.050); (ii) during HiEx, τ(2) (+14.4%; P = 0.050), d(3) (+8.6%; P = 0.050), and τ(3) (+17.2%; P = 0.050) were longer than at Pre IRT. After HIT, the decrease of the [Image: see text] O(2sc) amplitude was likely induced by the beneficial effects of training on a more responsive O(2) delivery and consumption cascade leading to a better muscle metabolic stability. IRT training was able to increase exercise economy during ModEx and to reduce the amplitude and delay the onset of [Image: see text] O(2sc) during HiEx. These effects should be due to the reduction and the delayed recruitment of Type II muscle fibers. The better exercise economy and the delayed appearance of [Image: see text] O(2sc) induced by IRT suggests that strength training might be included in endurance training programs to improve exercise economy and resistance to fatigue in this population of old subjects. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6190757 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-61907572018-10-23 Effect of Endurance and Strength Training on the Slow Component of [Image: see text] O(2) Kinetics in Elderly Humans Tam, Enrico Bruseghini, Paolo Capelli, Carlo Oliboni, Eugenio Pezzato, Andrea Pogliaghi, Silvia Pozzi Mucelli, Roberto Schena, Federico Calabria, Elisa Front Physiol Physiology We compared the effects of 8 weeks of high intensity, aerobic interval training (HIT) and isoinertial resistance training (IRT) on: (i) [Image: see text] O(2) kinetics during heavy (HiEx) intensity exercise and; (ii) work economy during moderate (ModEx) intensity exercise in 12 healthy elderly men (69.3 ± 4.2 years). Breath-by-breath [Image: see text] O(2) and muscle deoxygenation ([HHb] by means of NIRS) were measured in HiEx and ModEx at identical workloads before and after trainings. In HiEx, [Image: see text] O(2) and HHb responses were modeled as tri-exponential and mono-exponential increasing functions, respectively. A two-way ANOVA for repeated measures analysis was made; Effect size (η(2)) was also evaluated. After HIT the amplitude and the time delay of the slow component of O(2) uptake ([Image: see text] O(2sc)) during HiEx were smaller (−32%; P = 0.045) and longer (+19.5%; P = 0.001), respectively. At Post IRT: (i) during ModEx, gain was lower (−5%; P = 0.050); (ii) during HiEx, τ(2) (+14.4%; P = 0.050), d(3) (+8.6%; P = 0.050), and τ(3) (+17.2%; P = 0.050) were longer than at Pre IRT. After HIT, the decrease of the [Image: see text] O(2sc) amplitude was likely induced by the beneficial effects of training on a more responsive O(2) delivery and consumption cascade leading to a better muscle metabolic stability. IRT training was able to increase exercise economy during ModEx and to reduce the amplitude and delay the onset of [Image: see text] O(2sc) during HiEx. These effects should be due to the reduction and the delayed recruitment of Type II muscle fibers. The better exercise economy and the delayed appearance of [Image: see text] O(2sc) induced by IRT suggests that strength training might be included in endurance training programs to improve exercise economy and resistance to fatigue in this population of old subjects. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6190757/ /pubmed/30356819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01353 Text en Copyright © 2018 Tam, Bruseghini, Capelli, Oliboni, Pezzato, Pogliaghi, Pozzi Mucelli, Schena and Calabria. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology Tam, Enrico Bruseghini, Paolo Capelli, Carlo Oliboni, Eugenio Pezzato, Andrea Pogliaghi, Silvia Pozzi Mucelli, Roberto Schena, Federico Calabria, Elisa Effect of Endurance and Strength Training on the Slow Component of [Image: see text] O(2) Kinetics in Elderly Humans |
title | Effect of Endurance and Strength Training on the Slow Component of [Image: see text] O(2) Kinetics in Elderly Humans |
title_full | Effect of Endurance and Strength Training on the Slow Component of [Image: see text] O(2) Kinetics in Elderly Humans |
title_fullStr | Effect of Endurance and Strength Training on the Slow Component of [Image: see text] O(2) Kinetics in Elderly Humans |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Endurance and Strength Training on the Slow Component of [Image: see text] O(2) Kinetics in Elderly Humans |
title_short | Effect of Endurance and Strength Training on the Slow Component of [Image: see text] O(2) Kinetics in Elderly Humans |
title_sort | effect of endurance and strength training on the slow component of [image: see text] o(2) kinetics in elderly humans |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6190757/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30356819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01353 |
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