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Bayesian Model Selection Maps for Group Studies Using M/EEG Data

Predictive coding postulates that we make (top-down) predictions about the world and that we continuously compare incoming (bottom-up) sensory information with these predictions, in order to update our models and perception so as to better reflect reality. That is, our so-called “Bayesian brains” co...

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Autores principales: Harris, Clare D., Rowe, Elise G., Randeniya, Roshini, Garrido, Marta I.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6190865/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30356864
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00598
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author Harris, Clare D.
Rowe, Elise G.
Randeniya, Roshini
Garrido, Marta I.
author_facet Harris, Clare D.
Rowe, Elise G.
Randeniya, Roshini
Garrido, Marta I.
author_sort Harris, Clare D.
collection PubMed
description Predictive coding postulates that we make (top-down) predictions about the world and that we continuously compare incoming (bottom-up) sensory information with these predictions, in order to update our models and perception so as to better reflect reality. That is, our so-called “Bayesian brains” continuously create and update generative models of the world, inferring (hidden) causes from (sensory) consequences. Neuroimaging datasets enable the detailed investigation of such modeling and updating processes, and these datasets can themselves be analyzed with Bayesian approaches. These offer methodological advantages over classical statistics. Specifically, any number of models can be compared, the models need not be nested, and the “null model” can be accepted (rather than only failing to be rejected as in frequentist inference). This methodological paper explains how to construct posterior probability maps (PPMs) for Bayesian Model Selection (BMS) at the group level using electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG) data. The method has only recently been used for EEG data, after originally being developed and applied in the context of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis. Here, we describe how this method can be adapted for EEG using the Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) software package for MATLAB. The method enables the comparison of an arbitrary number of hypotheses (or explanations for observed responses), at each and every voxel in the brain (source level) and/or in the scalp-time volume (scalp level), both within participants and at the group level. The method is illustrated here using mismatch negativity (MMN) data from a group of participants performing an audio-spatial oddball attention task. All data and code are provided in keeping with the Open Science movement. In doing so, we hope to enable others in the field of M/EEG to implement our methods so as to address their own questions of interest.
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spelling pubmed-61908652018-10-23 Bayesian Model Selection Maps for Group Studies Using M/EEG Data Harris, Clare D. Rowe, Elise G. Randeniya, Roshini Garrido, Marta I. Front Neurosci Neuroscience Predictive coding postulates that we make (top-down) predictions about the world and that we continuously compare incoming (bottom-up) sensory information with these predictions, in order to update our models and perception so as to better reflect reality. That is, our so-called “Bayesian brains” continuously create and update generative models of the world, inferring (hidden) causes from (sensory) consequences. Neuroimaging datasets enable the detailed investigation of such modeling and updating processes, and these datasets can themselves be analyzed with Bayesian approaches. These offer methodological advantages over classical statistics. Specifically, any number of models can be compared, the models need not be nested, and the “null model” can be accepted (rather than only failing to be rejected as in frequentist inference). This methodological paper explains how to construct posterior probability maps (PPMs) for Bayesian Model Selection (BMS) at the group level using electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG) data. The method has only recently been used for EEG data, after originally being developed and applied in the context of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis. Here, we describe how this method can be adapted for EEG using the Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) software package for MATLAB. The method enables the comparison of an arbitrary number of hypotheses (or explanations for observed responses), at each and every voxel in the brain (source level) and/or in the scalp-time volume (scalp level), both within participants and at the group level. The method is illustrated here using mismatch negativity (MMN) data from a group of participants performing an audio-spatial oddball attention task. All data and code are provided in keeping with the Open Science movement. In doing so, we hope to enable others in the field of M/EEG to implement our methods so as to address their own questions of interest. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6190865/ /pubmed/30356864 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00598 Text en Copyright © 2018 Harris, Rowe, Randeniya and Garrido. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Harris, Clare D.
Rowe, Elise G.
Randeniya, Roshini
Garrido, Marta I.
Bayesian Model Selection Maps for Group Studies Using M/EEG Data
title Bayesian Model Selection Maps for Group Studies Using M/EEG Data
title_full Bayesian Model Selection Maps for Group Studies Using M/EEG Data
title_fullStr Bayesian Model Selection Maps for Group Studies Using M/EEG Data
title_full_unstemmed Bayesian Model Selection Maps for Group Studies Using M/EEG Data
title_short Bayesian Model Selection Maps for Group Studies Using M/EEG Data
title_sort bayesian model selection maps for group studies using m/eeg data
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6190865/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30356864
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00598
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