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In utero exposure to thermal stress has long-term effects on mammary gland microstructure and function in dairy cattle

Earth’s rising temperature has substantial repercussions for food-producing animals by increasing morbidity and mortality, diminishing reproductive potential, and reducing productivity. In the dairy industry this equates to massive losses in milk yield, which occur when cows are exposed to heat stre...

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Autores principales: Skibiel, Amy L., Dado-Senn, Bethany, Fabris, Thiago F., Dahl, Geoffrey E., Laporta, Jimena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6191142/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30325972
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206046
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author Skibiel, Amy L.
Dado-Senn, Bethany
Fabris, Thiago F.
Dahl, Geoffrey E.
Laporta, Jimena
author_facet Skibiel, Amy L.
Dado-Senn, Bethany
Fabris, Thiago F.
Dahl, Geoffrey E.
Laporta, Jimena
author_sort Skibiel, Amy L.
collection PubMed
description Earth’s rising temperature has substantial repercussions for food-producing animals by increasing morbidity and mortality, diminishing reproductive potential, and reducing productivity. In the dairy industry this equates to massive losses in milk yield, which occur when cows are exposed to heat stress during lactation or during the non-lactating period between lactations (i.e. dry period). Furthermore, milk yield is significantly lower in first-lactation heifers that experienced fetal heat stress. The mechanisms underlying intrauterine effects of heat stress on the offspring’s future lactation have yet to be fully elucidated. We hypothesize that heat stress experienced through the intrauterine environment will alter the mammary gland microstructure and cellular processes involved in cell turnover during the cow’s first lactation. Mammary biopsies were collected from first-lactation heifers that were exposed to heat stress or cooling conditions while developing in utero (IUHT and IUCL; respectively, n = 9–10). IUHT heifers produced less milk compared to IUCL. The mammary glands of IUHT heifers differed morphologically from IUCL, with the IUHT heifers having smaller alveoli and a greater proportion of connective tissue relative to their IUCL herdmates. However, intrauterine heat stress had little impact on the proliferation and apoptosis of mammary cells during lactation. Our results indicate that fetal exposure to heat stress impairs milk production in the first lactation, in part, by inducing aberrant mammary morphology. This may result from alterations in the developmental trajectory of the fetal mammary gland that persist through the first lactation rather than to alterations in the cellular processes controlling mammary cell turnover during lactation.
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spelling pubmed-61911422018-10-25 In utero exposure to thermal stress has long-term effects on mammary gland microstructure and function in dairy cattle Skibiel, Amy L. Dado-Senn, Bethany Fabris, Thiago F. Dahl, Geoffrey E. Laporta, Jimena PLoS One Research Article Earth’s rising temperature has substantial repercussions for food-producing animals by increasing morbidity and mortality, diminishing reproductive potential, and reducing productivity. In the dairy industry this equates to massive losses in milk yield, which occur when cows are exposed to heat stress during lactation or during the non-lactating period between lactations (i.e. dry period). Furthermore, milk yield is significantly lower in first-lactation heifers that experienced fetal heat stress. The mechanisms underlying intrauterine effects of heat stress on the offspring’s future lactation have yet to be fully elucidated. We hypothesize that heat stress experienced through the intrauterine environment will alter the mammary gland microstructure and cellular processes involved in cell turnover during the cow’s first lactation. Mammary biopsies were collected from first-lactation heifers that were exposed to heat stress or cooling conditions while developing in utero (IUHT and IUCL; respectively, n = 9–10). IUHT heifers produced less milk compared to IUCL. The mammary glands of IUHT heifers differed morphologically from IUCL, with the IUHT heifers having smaller alveoli and a greater proportion of connective tissue relative to their IUCL herdmates. However, intrauterine heat stress had little impact on the proliferation and apoptosis of mammary cells during lactation. Our results indicate that fetal exposure to heat stress impairs milk production in the first lactation, in part, by inducing aberrant mammary morphology. This may result from alterations in the developmental trajectory of the fetal mammary gland that persist through the first lactation rather than to alterations in the cellular processes controlling mammary cell turnover during lactation. Public Library of Science 2018-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC6191142/ /pubmed/30325972 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206046 Text en © 2018 Skibiel et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Skibiel, Amy L.
Dado-Senn, Bethany
Fabris, Thiago F.
Dahl, Geoffrey E.
Laporta, Jimena
In utero exposure to thermal stress has long-term effects on mammary gland microstructure and function in dairy cattle
title In utero exposure to thermal stress has long-term effects on mammary gland microstructure and function in dairy cattle
title_full In utero exposure to thermal stress has long-term effects on mammary gland microstructure and function in dairy cattle
title_fullStr In utero exposure to thermal stress has long-term effects on mammary gland microstructure and function in dairy cattle
title_full_unstemmed In utero exposure to thermal stress has long-term effects on mammary gland microstructure and function in dairy cattle
title_short In utero exposure to thermal stress has long-term effects on mammary gland microstructure and function in dairy cattle
title_sort in utero exposure to thermal stress has long-term effects on mammary gland microstructure and function in dairy cattle
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6191142/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30325972
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206046
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