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Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans

Imbalances in the oral microbial community have been associated with reduced cardiovascular and metabolic health. A possible mechanism linking the oral microbiota to health is the nitrate (NO(3)(-))-nitrite (NO(2)(-))-nitric oxide (NO) pathway, which relies on oral bacteria to reduce NO(3)(-) to NO(...

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Autores principales: Vanhatalo, Anni, Blackwell, Jamie R., L’Heureux, Joanna E., Williams, David W., Smith, Ann, van der Giezen, Mark, Winyard, Paul G., Kelly, James, Jones, Andrew M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6191927/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29807159
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.078
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author Vanhatalo, Anni
Blackwell, Jamie R.
L’Heureux, Joanna E.
Williams, David W.
Smith, Ann
van der Giezen, Mark
Winyard, Paul G.
Kelly, James
Jones, Andrew M.
author_facet Vanhatalo, Anni
Blackwell, Jamie R.
L’Heureux, Joanna E.
Williams, David W.
Smith, Ann
van der Giezen, Mark
Winyard, Paul G.
Kelly, James
Jones, Andrew M.
author_sort Vanhatalo, Anni
collection PubMed
description Imbalances in the oral microbial community have been associated with reduced cardiovascular and metabolic health. A possible mechanism linking the oral microbiota to health is the nitrate (NO(3)(-))-nitrite (NO(2)(-))-nitric oxide (NO) pathway, which relies on oral bacteria to reduce NO(3)(-) to NO(2)(-). NO (generated from both NO(2)(-) and L-arginine) regulates vascular endothelial function and therefore blood pressure (BP). By sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA genes we examined the relationships between the oral microbiome and physiological indices of NO bioavailability and possible changes in these variables following 10 days of NO(3)(-) (12 mmol/d) and placebo supplementation in young (18–22 yrs) and old (70–79 yrs) normotensive humans (n = 18). NO(3)(-) supplementation altered the salivary microbiome compared to placebo by increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (+225%) and decreasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (−46%; P < 0.05). After NO(3)(-)supplementation the relative abundances of Rothia (+127%) and Neisseria (+351%) were greater, and Prevotella (−60%) and Veillonella (−65%) were lower than in the placebo condition (all P < 0.05). NO(3)(-) supplementation increased plasma concentration of NO(2)(-) and reduced systemic blood pressure in old (70–79 yrs), but not young (18–22 yrs), participants. High abundances of Rothia and Neisseria and low abundances of Prevotella and Veillonella were correlated with greater increases in plasma [NO(2)(-)] in response to NO(3)(-) supplementation. The current findings indicate that the oral microbiome is malleable to change with increased dietary intake of inorganic NO(3)(-), and that diet-induced changes in the oral microbial community are related to indices of NO homeostasis and vascular health in vivo.
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spelling pubmed-61919272018-10-19 Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans Vanhatalo, Anni Blackwell, Jamie R. L’Heureux, Joanna E. Williams, David W. Smith, Ann van der Giezen, Mark Winyard, Paul G. Kelly, James Jones, Andrew M. Free Radic Biol Med Article Imbalances in the oral microbial community have been associated with reduced cardiovascular and metabolic health. A possible mechanism linking the oral microbiota to health is the nitrate (NO(3)(-))-nitrite (NO(2)(-))-nitric oxide (NO) pathway, which relies on oral bacteria to reduce NO(3)(-) to NO(2)(-). NO (generated from both NO(2)(-) and L-arginine) regulates vascular endothelial function and therefore blood pressure (BP). By sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA genes we examined the relationships between the oral microbiome and physiological indices of NO bioavailability and possible changes in these variables following 10 days of NO(3)(-) (12 mmol/d) and placebo supplementation in young (18–22 yrs) and old (70–79 yrs) normotensive humans (n = 18). NO(3)(-) supplementation altered the salivary microbiome compared to placebo by increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (+225%) and decreasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (−46%; P < 0.05). After NO(3)(-)supplementation the relative abundances of Rothia (+127%) and Neisseria (+351%) were greater, and Prevotella (−60%) and Veillonella (−65%) were lower than in the placebo condition (all P < 0.05). NO(3)(-) supplementation increased plasma concentration of NO(2)(-) and reduced systemic blood pressure in old (70–79 yrs), but not young (18–22 yrs), participants. High abundances of Rothia and Neisseria and low abundances of Prevotella and Veillonella were correlated with greater increases in plasma [NO(2)(-)] in response to NO(3)(-) supplementation. The current findings indicate that the oral microbiome is malleable to change with increased dietary intake of inorganic NO(3)(-), and that diet-induced changes in the oral microbial community are related to indices of NO homeostasis and vascular health in vivo. Elsevier Science 2018-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6191927/ /pubmed/29807159 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.078 Text en © 2018 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Vanhatalo, Anni
Blackwell, Jamie R.
L’Heureux, Joanna E.
Williams, David W.
Smith, Ann
van der Giezen, Mark
Winyard, Paul G.
Kelly, James
Jones, Andrew M.
Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans
title Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans
title_full Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans
title_fullStr Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans
title_full_unstemmed Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans
title_short Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans
title_sort nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6191927/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29807159
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.078
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