Dose determination of sufentanil for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with background infusion in abdominal surgeries: A random study

OBJECTIVES: Sufentanil has been widely used in epidural PCA, while its use in intravenous PCA has rarely been reported. Based on its use in target controlled infusion, we reckoned that the effect-site concentration of sufentanil would be steady if background infusion is given in intravenous PCA. This prospective, single center, randomized study with a three arm parallel group design aims to find out the appropriate dose of sufentanil when used in intravenous PCA with background infusion in abdominal surgeries. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer and consented to the study were recruited. The analgesia pump with one of three different doses of sufentanil (1.5, 2.0 or 2.5 μg/kg) was attached to the patient through peripheral venous line right after surgery. The primary endpoint was pain scale VAS up to 48 hours postoperatively. RESULTS: In our study 90 patients were analyzed. In group B (SF 2.0) and C (SF2.5), patients had better pain relief than in group A (SF 1.5). There was no difference between group B and C in pain intensity at rest. While in group C more patients got pain relived at activity than in group B. All three groups had low and similar incidence of adverse effects of sufentanil. CONCLUSION: The dose 2.5 μg/kg of sufentanil with background infusion is preferred because of better pain alleviation at activity without increase of adverse effects up to 48 hours after surgery.