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Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces

The recently proposed digital coding metasurfaces make it possible to control electromagnetic (EM) waves in real time, and allow the implementation of many different functionalities in a programmable way. However, current configurations are only space-encoded, and do not exploit the temporal dimensi...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Lei, Chen, Xiao Qing, Liu, Shuo, Zhang, Qian, Zhao, Jie, Dai, Jun Yan, Bai, Guo Dong, Wan, Xiang, Cheng, Qiang, Castaldi, Giuseppe, Galdi, Vincenzo, Cui, Tie Jun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6194064/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30337522
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06802-0
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author Zhang, Lei
Chen, Xiao Qing
Liu, Shuo
Zhang, Qian
Zhao, Jie
Dai, Jun Yan
Bai, Guo Dong
Wan, Xiang
Cheng, Qiang
Castaldi, Giuseppe
Galdi, Vincenzo
Cui, Tie Jun
author_facet Zhang, Lei
Chen, Xiao Qing
Liu, Shuo
Zhang, Qian
Zhao, Jie
Dai, Jun Yan
Bai, Guo Dong
Wan, Xiang
Cheng, Qiang
Castaldi, Giuseppe
Galdi, Vincenzo
Cui, Tie Jun
author_sort Zhang, Lei
collection PubMed
description The recently proposed digital coding metasurfaces make it possible to control electromagnetic (EM) waves in real time, and allow the implementation of many different functionalities in a programmable way. However, current configurations are only space-encoded, and do not exploit the temporal dimension. Here, we propose a general theory of space-time modulated digital coding metasurfaces to obtain simultaneous manipulations of EM waves in both space and frequency domains, i.e., to control the propagation direction and harmonic power distribution simultaneously. As proof-of-principle application examples, we consider harmonic beam steering, beam shaping, and scattering-signature control. For validation, we realize a prototype controlled by a field-programmable gate array, which implements the harmonic beam steering via an optimized space-time coding sequence. Numerical and experimental results, in good agreement, demonstrate good performance of the proposed approach, with potential applications to diverse fields such as wireless communications, cognitive radars, adaptive beamforming, holographic imaging.
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spelling pubmed-61940642018-10-22 Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces Zhang, Lei Chen, Xiao Qing Liu, Shuo Zhang, Qian Zhao, Jie Dai, Jun Yan Bai, Guo Dong Wan, Xiang Cheng, Qiang Castaldi, Giuseppe Galdi, Vincenzo Cui, Tie Jun Nat Commun Article The recently proposed digital coding metasurfaces make it possible to control electromagnetic (EM) waves in real time, and allow the implementation of many different functionalities in a programmable way. However, current configurations are only space-encoded, and do not exploit the temporal dimension. Here, we propose a general theory of space-time modulated digital coding metasurfaces to obtain simultaneous manipulations of EM waves in both space and frequency domains, i.e., to control the propagation direction and harmonic power distribution simultaneously. As proof-of-principle application examples, we consider harmonic beam steering, beam shaping, and scattering-signature control. For validation, we realize a prototype controlled by a field-programmable gate array, which implements the harmonic beam steering via an optimized space-time coding sequence. Numerical and experimental results, in good agreement, demonstrate good performance of the proposed approach, with potential applications to diverse fields such as wireless communications, cognitive radars, adaptive beamforming, holographic imaging. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6194064/ /pubmed/30337522 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06802-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Zhang, Lei
Chen, Xiao Qing
Liu, Shuo
Zhang, Qian
Zhao, Jie
Dai, Jun Yan
Bai, Guo Dong
Wan, Xiang
Cheng, Qiang
Castaldi, Giuseppe
Galdi, Vincenzo
Cui, Tie Jun
Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces
title Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces
title_full Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces
title_fullStr Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces
title_full_unstemmed Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces
title_short Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces
title_sort space-time-coding digital metasurfaces
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6194064/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30337522
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06802-0
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