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Acute Myeloid Leukemia and the Bone Marrow Niche—Take a Closer Look

The bone marrow is the home of hematopoiesis and is therefore a hotspot for the development of hematopoietic diseases. Complex interactions between the bone marrow microenvironment and hematopoietic stem cells must find a balance between proliferation, differentiation and homeostasis of the stem cel...

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Autores principales: Behrmann, Lena, Wellbrock, Jasmin, Fiedler, Walter
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6195156/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30370251
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00444
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author Behrmann, Lena
Wellbrock, Jasmin
Fiedler, Walter
author_facet Behrmann, Lena
Wellbrock, Jasmin
Fiedler, Walter
author_sort Behrmann, Lena
collection PubMed
description The bone marrow is the home of hematopoiesis and is therefore a hotspot for the development of hematopoietic diseases. Complex interactions between the bone marrow microenvironment and hematopoietic stem cells must find a balance between proliferation, differentiation and homeostasis of the stem cell compartment. Changes in this tightly regulated network can provoke malignant transformation, leading to hematopoietic diseases. Here we focus on acute myeloid leukemia (AML), since this is the most frequent acute leukemia in adulthood with very poor overall survival rates and where relapse after chemotherapy continues to be a major challenge, driving demand for new therapeutic strategies. Current research is focusing on the identification of specific interactions between leukemic blasts and their niche components, which may be exploited as novel treatment targets along with induction chemotherapy. Significant progress has been gained over the last few years in the field of high-resolution imaging. Confocal ex vivo and intravital microscopy have revealed a detailed map of bone marrow structures and components; as well as identifying numerous alterations in the stem cell niche that correspond to disease progression. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not completely understood and due to the complexity, their elucidation remains a challenging. This review discusses the constitution of the AML niche in the bone marrow, the improvement in visualization of the complex three-dimensional niche structures and points out new therapeutic strategies to increase the overall survival of AML patients.
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spelling pubmed-61951562018-10-26 Acute Myeloid Leukemia and the Bone Marrow Niche—Take a Closer Look Behrmann, Lena Wellbrock, Jasmin Fiedler, Walter Front Oncol Oncology The bone marrow is the home of hematopoiesis and is therefore a hotspot for the development of hematopoietic diseases. Complex interactions between the bone marrow microenvironment and hematopoietic stem cells must find a balance between proliferation, differentiation and homeostasis of the stem cell compartment. Changes in this tightly regulated network can provoke malignant transformation, leading to hematopoietic diseases. Here we focus on acute myeloid leukemia (AML), since this is the most frequent acute leukemia in adulthood with very poor overall survival rates and where relapse after chemotherapy continues to be a major challenge, driving demand for new therapeutic strategies. Current research is focusing on the identification of specific interactions between leukemic blasts and their niche components, which may be exploited as novel treatment targets along with induction chemotherapy. Significant progress has been gained over the last few years in the field of high-resolution imaging. Confocal ex vivo and intravital microscopy have revealed a detailed map of bone marrow structures and components; as well as identifying numerous alterations in the stem cell niche that correspond to disease progression. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not completely understood and due to the complexity, their elucidation remains a challenging. This review discusses the constitution of the AML niche in the bone marrow, the improvement in visualization of the complex three-dimensional niche structures and points out new therapeutic strategies to increase the overall survival of AML patients. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6195156/ /pubmed/30370251 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00444 Text en Copyright © 2018 Behrmann, Wellbrock and Fiedler. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Behrmann, Lena
Wellbrock, Jasmin
Fiedler, Walter
Acute Myeloid Leukemia and the Bone Marrow Niche—Take a Closer Look
title Acute Myeloid Leukemia and the Bone Marrow Niche—Take a Closer Look
title_full Acute Myeloid Leukemia and the Bone Marrow Niche—Take a Closer Look
title_fullStr Acute Myeloid Leukemia and the Bone Marrow Niche—Take a Closer Look
title_full_unstemmed Acute Myeloid Leukemia and the Bone Marrow Niche—Take a Closer Look
title_short Acute Myeloid Leukemia and the Bone Marrow Niche—Take a Closer Look
title_sort acute myeloid leukemia and the bone marrow niche—take a closer look
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6195156/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30370251
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00444
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