Dress syndrome secondaire à l’allopurinol

We report the case of a 60-year old patient with a 1-month history of hyperuricemia treated with allopurinol. The patient presented to the Department of Dermatology with acute rash on the face and the lower limbs associated with fever, arthralgias and myalgias. Clinical examination showed symmetric macular erythema on the face at the level of the cheeks with discreet edema (A), erythematous plaques at the level of both legs with healthy skin areas extending progressively from the bottom-up. Lesions were very itchy with burning sensation (B). The examination of the oral cavity showed very painful erosive lesions at the level of the internal face of the cheeks. Lymph nodes were free. Paraclinical tests showed leukocyte counts at 20000, elevated transaminases > 100 IU, eosinophil counts at 1500, HHV6 serology was negative. The diagnosis of DRESS syndrome was retained. The patient underwent corticosteroid therapy at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day associated with symptomatic treatment. Treatment evolution was marked by spectacular improvement after 06 days (C and D) with regression of skin lesions and gradual normalization of laboratory results.