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Experimental Dissection of the Lytic Replication Cycles of Herpes Simplex Viruses in vitro

Herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) produce lifelong infections and are highly prevalent in the human population. Both viruses elicit numerous clinical manifestations and produce mild-to-severe diseases that affect the skin, eyes, and brain, among others. Despite the existence...

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Autores principales: Ibáñez, Francisco J., Farías, Mónica A., Gonzalez-Troncoso, Maria P., Corrales, Nicolás, Duarte, Luisa F., Retamal-Díaz, Angello, González, Pablo A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198116/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30386309
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02406
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author Ibáñez, Francisco J.
Farías, Mónica A.
Gonzalez-Troncoso, Maria P.
Corrales, Nicolás
Duarte, Luisa F.
Retamal-Díaz, Angello
González, Pablo A.
author_facet Ibáñez, Francisco J.
Farías, Mónica A.
Gonzalez-Troncoso, Maria P.
Corrales, Nicolás
Duarte, Luisa F.
Retamal-Díaz, Angello
González, Pablo A.
author_sort Ibáñez, Francisco J.
collection PubMed
description Herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) produce lifelong infections and are highly prevalent in the human population. Both viruses elicit numerous clinical manifestations and produce mild-to-severe diseases that affect the skin, eyes, and brain, among others. Despite the existence of numerous antivirals against HSV, such as acyclovir and acyclovir-related analogs, virus variants that are resistant to these compounds can be isolated from immunosuppressed individuals. For such isolates, second-line drugs can be used, yet they frequently produce adverse side effects. Furthermore, topical antivirals for treating cutaneous HSV infections usually display poor to moderate efficacy. Hence, better or novel anti-HSV antivirals are needed and details on their mechanisms of action would be insightful for improving their efficacy and identifying specific molecular targets. Here, we review and dissect the lytic replication cycles of herpes simplex viruses, discussing key steps involved in cell infection and the processes that yield new virions. Additionally, we review and discuss rapid, easy-to-perform and simple experimental approaches for studying key steps involved in HSV replication to facilitate the identification of the mechanisms of action of anti-HSV compounds.
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spelling pubmed-61981162018-11-01 Experimental Dissection of the Lytic Replication Cycles of Herpes Simplex Viruses in vitro Ibáñez, Francisco J. Farías, Mónica A. Gonzalez-Troncoso, Maria P. Corrales, Nicolás Duarte, Luisa F. Retamal-Díaz, Angello González, Pablo A. Front Microbiol Microbiology Herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) produce lifelong infections and are highly prevalent in the human population. Both viruses elicit numerous clinical manifestations and produce mild-to-severe diseases that affect the skin, eyes, and brain, among others. Despite the existence of numerous antivirals against HSV, such as acyclovir and acyclovir-related analogs, virus variants that are resistant to these compounds can be isolated from immunosuppressed individuals. For such isolates, second-line drugs can be used, yet they frequently produce adverse side effects. Furthermore, topical antivirals for treating cutaneous HSV infections usually display poor to moderate efficacy. Hence, better or novel anti-HSV antivirals are needed and details on their mechanisms of action would be insightful for improving their efficacy and identifying specific molecular targets. Here, we review and dissect the lytic replication cycles of herpes simplex viruses, discussing key steps involved in cell infection and the processes that yield new virions. Additionally, we review and discuss rapid, easy-to-perform and simple experimental approaches for studying key steps involved in HSV replication to facilitate the identification of the mechanisms of action of anti-HSV compounds. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-10-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6198116/ /pubmed/30386309 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02406 Text en Copyright © 2018 Ibáñez, Farías, Gonzalez-Troncoso, Corrales, Duarte, Retamal-Díaz and González. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Ibáñez, Francisco J.
Farías, Mónica A.
Gonzalez-Troncoso, Maria P.
Corrales, Nicolás
Duarte, Luisa F.
Retamal-Díaz, Angello
González, Pablo A.
Experimental Dissection of the Lytic Replication Cycles of Herpes Simplex Viruses in vitro
title Experimental Dissection of the Lytic Replication Cycles of Herpes Simplex Viruses in vitro
title_full Experimental Dissection of the Lytic Replication Cycles of Herpes Simplex Viruses in vitro
title_fullStr Experimental Dissection of the Lytic Replication Cycles of Herpes Simplex Viruses in vitro
title_full_unstemmed Experimental Dissection of the Lytic Replication Cycles of Herpes Simplex Viruses in vitro
title_short Experimental Dissection of the Lytic Replication Cycles of Herpes Simplex Viruses in vitro
title_sort experimental dissection of the lytic replication cycles of herpes simplex viruses in vitro
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198116/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30386309
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02406
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