Cargando…

Polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation

Increasing evidence suggests that food ingested polyphenols can have beneficial effects in neuronal protection acting against oxidative stress and inflammatory injury. Moreover, polyphenols have been reported to promote cognitive functions. Biotransformation of polyphenols is needed to obtain metabo...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Filosa, Stefania, Di Meo, Francesco, Crispi, Stefania
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6199944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30323120
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.241429
_version_ 1783365239119544320
author Filosa, Stefania
Di Meo, Francesco
Crispi, Stefania
author_facet Filosa, Stefania
Di Meo, Francesco
Crispi, Stefania
author_sort Filosa, Stefania
collection PubMed
description Increasing evidence suggests that food ingested polyphenols can have beneficial effects in neuronal protection acting against oxidative stress and inflammatory injury. Moreover, polyphenols have been reported to promote cognitive functions. Biotransformation of polyphenols is needed to obtain metabolites active in brain and it occurs through their processing by gut microbiota. Polyphenols metabolites could directly act as neurotransmitters crossing the blood-brain barrier or indirectly by modulating the cerebrovascular system. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is considered a neuroendocrine system that acts bidirectionally and plays an important role in stress responses. The metabolites produced by microbiota metabolism can modulate gut bacterial composition and brain biochemistry acting as neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. Gut microbiota composition can be influenced by dietary ingestion of natural bioactive molecules such as probiotics, prebiotics and polyphenol. Microbiota composition can be altered by dietary changes and gastrointestinal dysfunctions are observed in neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, several pieces of evidence support the idea that alterations in gut microbiota and enteric neuroimmune system could contribute to onset and progression of these age-related disorders. The impact of polyphenols on microbiota composition strengthens the idea that maintaining a healthy microbiome by modulating diet is essential for having a healthy brain across the lifespan. Moreover, it is emerging that they could be used as novel therapeutics to prevent brain from neurodegeneration.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6199944
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-61999442018-12-01 Polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation Filosa, Stefania Di Meo, Francesco Crispi, Stefania Neural Regen Res Review Increasing evidence suggests that food ingested polyphenols can have beneficial effects in neuronal protection acting against oxidative stress and inflammatory injury. Moreover, polyphenols have been reported to promote cognitive functions. Biotransformation of polyphenols is needed to obtain metabolites active in brain and it occurs through their processing by gut microbiota. Polyphenols metabolites could directly act as neurotransmitters crossing the blood-brain barrier or indirectly by modulating the cerebrovascular system. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is considered a neuroendocrine system that acts bidirectionally and plays an important role in stress responses. The metabolites produced by microbiota metabolism can modulate gut bacterial composition and brain biochemistry acting as neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. Gut microbiota composition can be influenced by dietary ingestion of natural bioactive molecules such as probiotics, prebiotics and polyphenol. Microbiota composition can be altered by dietary changes and gastrointestinal dysfunctions are observed in neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, several pieces of evidence support the idea that alterations in gut microbiota and enteric neuroimmune system could contribute to onset and progression of these age-related disorders. The impact of polyphenols on microbiota composition strengthens the idea that maintaining a healthy microbiome by modulating diet is essential for having a healthy brain across the lifespan. Moreover, it is emerging that they could be used as novel therapeutics to prevent brain from neurodegeneration. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2018-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6199944/ /pubmed/30323120 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.241429 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Review
Filosa, Stefania
Di Meo, Francesco
Crispi, Stefania
Polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation
title Polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation
title_full Polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation
title_fullStr Polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation
title_full_unstemmed Polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation
title_short Polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation
title_sort polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6199944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30323120
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.241429
work_keys_str_mv AT filosastefania polyphenolsgutmicrobiotainterplayandbrainneuromodulation
AT dimeofrancesco polyphenolsgutmicrobiotainterplayandbrainneuromodulation
AT crispistefania polyphenolsgutmicrobiotainterplayandbrainneuromodulation