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Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Results, Limits, and Perspectives

Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a clinical condition characterized by damage of cornea limbal stem cells, which results in an impairment of corneal epithelium turnover and in an invasion of the cornea by the conjunctival epithelium. In these patients, the conjunctivalization of the cornea is a...

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Autores principales: Sacchetti, Marta, Rama, Paolo, Bruscolini, Alice, Lambiase, Alessandro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6201383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30405723
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8086269
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author Sacchetti, Marta
Rama, Paolo
Bruscolini, Alice
Lambiase, Alessandro
author_facet Sacchetti, Marta
Rama, Paolo
Bruscolini, Alice
Lambiase, Alessandro
author_sort Sacchetti, Marta
collection PubMed
description Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a clinical condition characterized by damage of cornea limbal stem cells, which results in an impairment of corneal epithelium turnover and in an invasion of the cornea by the conjunctival epithelium. In these patients, the conjunctivalization of the cornea is associated with visual impairment and cornea transplantation has poor prognosis for recurrence of the conjunctivalization. Current treatments of LSCD are aimed at replacing the damaged corneal stem cells in order to restore a healthy corneal epithelium. The autotransplantation of limbal tissue from the healthy, fellow eye is effective in unilateral LSCD but leads to depauperation of the stem cell reservoir. In the last decades, novel techniques such as cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET) have been proposed in order to reduce the damage of the healthy fellow eye. Clinical and experimental evidence showed that CLET is effective in inducing long-term regeneration of a healthy corneal epithelium in patients with LSCD with a success rate of 70%–80%. Current limitations for the treatment of LSCD are represented by the lack of a marker able to unequivocally identify limbal stem cells and the treatment of total, bilateral LSCD which requires other sources of stem cells for ocular surface reconstruction.
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spelling pubmed-62013832018-11-07 Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Results, Limits, and Perspectives Sacchetti, Marta Rama, Paolo Bruscolini, Alice Lambiase, Alessandro Stem Cells Int Review Article Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a clinical condition characterized by damage of cornea limbal stem cells, which results in an impairment of corneal epithelium turnover and in an invasion of the cornea by the conjunctival epithelium. In these patients, the conjunctivalization of the cornea is associated with visual impairment and cornea transplantation has poor prognosis for recurrence of the conjunctivalization. Current treatments of LSCD are aimed at replacing the damaged corneal stem cells in order to restore a healthy corneal epithelium. The autotransplantation of limbal tissue from the healthy, fellow eye is effective in unilateral LSCD but leads to depauperation of the stem cell reservoir. In the last decades, novel techniques such as cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET) have been proposed in order to reduce the damage of the healthy fellow eye. Clinical and experimental evidence showed that CLET is effective in inducing long-term regeneration of a healthy corneal epithelium in patients with LSCD with a success rate of 70%–80%. Current limitations for the treatment of LSCD are represented by the lack of a marker able to unequivocally identify limbal stem cells and the treatment of total, bilateral LSCD which requires other sources of stem cells for ocular surface reconstruction. Hindawi 2018-10-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6201383/ /pubmed/30405723 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8086269 Text en Copyright © 2018 Marta Sacchetti et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Sacchetti, Marta
Rama, Paolo
Bruscolini, Alice
Lambiase, Alessandro
Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Results, Limits, and Perspectives
title Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Results, Limits, and Perspectives
title_full Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Results, Limits, and Perspectives
title_fullStr Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Results, Limits, and Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Results, Limits, and Perspectives
title_short Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Results, Limits, and Perspectives
title_sort limbal stem cell transplantation: clinical results, limits, and perspectives
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6201383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30405723
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8086269
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