Factors associated with complex surgical wounds in breast and abdomen: a case-control observational study

OBJECTIVE: to identify factors associated with complex surgical wounds in the breasts and abdomen in outpatients. METHOD: observational case-control study involving 327 patients, distributed into 160 cases (complex surgical wound) and 167 controls (simple surgical wound). Data were extracted from the medical records and a binary logistic regression model was used for analysis, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: the factors associated with greater chance of occurrence of complex surgical wound were 18 to 59 years of age (p = 0.003), schooling < 8 years (p = 0.049), radiotherapy (p < 0.001), hysterectomy (p = 0.003), glycemia (≤ 99 mg/dL) and arterial hypertension (p = 0.033), while quadrantectomy (p = 0.025) served as a protective factor. CONCLUSION: radiotherapy was the most significant factor for surgical wound complications. Glycemic alteration was an unexpected result and shows the need for further studies related to this topic.