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Conserving and Sharing Taro Genetic Resources for the Benefit of Global Taro Cultivation: A Core Contribution of the Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees
This review article gives an account of the origin, domestication, and dispersal of taro, a staple food crop in many countries in the humid tropics and subtropics. Genetic diversity studies indicated that distinct gene pools exist in all the regions where taro may be naturally distributed—the Indian...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6204562/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30325671 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/bio.2018.0017 |
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author | Ebert, Andreas W. Waqainabete, Logotonu M. |
author_facet | Ebert, Andreas W. Waqainabete, Logotonu M. |
author_sort | Ebert, Andreas W. |
collection | PubMed |
description | This review article gives an account of the origin, domestication, and dispersal of taro, a staple food crop in many countries in the humid tropics and subtropics. Genetic diversity studies indicated that distinct gene pools exist in all the regions where taro may be naturally distributed—the Indian subcontinent, China, Southeast Asia, and in Oceania. The Asian gene pool presented the highest genetic diversity. Diploid taro is prevalent in the Pacific Islands, while both diploids and triploids are found in mainland Asia. Triploids are thought to provide better adaptability and enhanced hardiness to higher altitudes and latitudes where sexual reproduction is not viable. The Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees (CePaCT) conserves in vitro close to 70% of the taro genetic resources held ex situ and is therefore considered the world center for taro genetic resources. Phytophthora colocasiae or taro leaf blight (TLB) is the most severe disease of taro' causing 25%–50% yield losses and postharvest decay of corms. The CePaCT genebank supported the participatory TLB breeding program in Samoa through the provision of diverse taro germplasm from the Asian gene pool. However, CePaCT not only serves taro producers in the Pacific but also shares new allelic diversity of taro globally. More recent distributions of taro genetic diversity to West and Central Africa were in response to an outbreak and spread of TLB in West Africa. Global dissemination of taro genetic diversity is assisting producer countries in the process of adaptation to emerging biotic and abiotic stresses, exacerbated by climate change. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6204562 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62045622018-10-29 Conserving and Sharing Taro Genetic Resources for the Benefit of Global Taro Cultivation: A Core Contribution of the Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees Ebert, Andreas W. Waqainabete, Logotonu M. Biopreserv Biobank Special Issue on Agricultural Genebanks This review article gives an account of the origin, domestication, and dispersal of taro, a staple food crop in many countries in the humid tropics and subtropics. Genetic diversity studies indicated that distinct gene pools exist in all the regions where taro may be naturally distributed—the Indian subcontinent, China, Southeast Asia, and in Oceania. The Asian gene pool presented the highest genetic diversity. Diploid taro is prevalent in the Pacific Islands, while both diploids and triploids are found in mainland Asia. Triploids are thought to provide better adaptability and enhanced hardiness to higher altitudes and latitudes where sexual reproduction is not viable. The Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees (CePaCT) conserves in vitro close to 70% of the taro genetic resources held ex situ and is therefore considered the world center for taro genetic resources. Phytophthora colocasiae or taro leaf blight (TLB) is the most severe disease of taro' causing 25%–50% yield losses and postharvest decay of corms. The CePaCT genebank supported the participatory TLB breeding program in Samoa through the provision of diverse taro germplasm from the Asian gene pool. However, CePaCT not only serves taro producers in the Pacific but also shares new allelic diversity of taro globally. More recent distributions of taro genetic diversity to West and Central Africa were in response to an outbreak and spread of TLB in West Africa. Global dissemination of taro genetic diversity is assisting producer countries in the process of adaptation to emerging biotic and abiotic stresses, exacerbated by climate change. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2018-10-01 2018-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6204562/ /pubmed/30325671 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/bio.2018.0017 Text en © Ebert and Waqainabete, 2018; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Special Issue on Agricultural Genebanks Ebert, Andreas W. Waqainabete, Logotonu M. Conserving and Sharing Taro Genetic Resources for the Benefit of Global Taro Cultivation: A Core Contribution of the Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees |
title | Conserving and Sharing Taro Genetic Resources for the Benefit of Global Taro Cultivation: A Core Contribution of the Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees |
title_full | Conserving and Sharing Taro Genetic Resources for the Benefit of Global Taro Cultivation: A Core Contribution of the Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees |
title_fullStr | Conserving and Sharing Taro Genetic Resources for the Benefit of Global Taro Cultivation: A Core Contribution of the Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees |
title_full_unstemmed | Conserving and Sharing Taro Genetic Resources for the Benefit of Global Taro Cultivation: A Core Contribution of the Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees |
title_short | Conserving and Sharing Taro Genetic Resources for the Benefit of Global Taro Cultivation: A Core Contribution of the Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees |
title_sort | conserving and sharing taro genetic resources for the benefit of global taro cultivation: a core contribution of the centre for pacific crops and trees |
topic | Special Issue on Agricultural Genebanks |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6204562/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30325671 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/bio.2018.0017 |
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