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Twittering Pupae of Papilionid and Nymphalid Butterflies (Lepidoptera): Novel Structures and Sounds

Pupae of numerous Papilionidae and Nymphalidae produce twitter sounds when wriggling in response to mechanical stimulation. The structural basis comprises distinct pairs of sound-producing organs (SPOs) located at intersegmental membranes of the abdomen. They differ—as the twitters do—in sampled tax...

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Autores principales: Dolle, Patrick, Klein, Philipp, Fischer, Ottmar W, Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich, Gilbert, Lawrence E, Boppré, Michael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6207983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30397363
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/say029
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author Dolle, Patrick
Klein, Philipp
Fischer, Ottmar W
Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich
Gilbert, Lawrence E
Boppré, Michael
author_facet Dolle, Patrick
Klein, Philipp
Fischer, Ottmar W
Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich
Gilbert, Lawrence E
Boppré, Michael
author_sort Dolle, Patrick
collection PubMed
description Pupae of numerous Papilionidae and Nymphalidae produce twitter sounds when wriggling in response to mechanical stimulation. The structural basis comprises distinct pairs of sound-producing organs (SPOs) located at intersegmental membranes of the abdomen. They differ—as the twitters do—in sampled taxa of Papilioninae, Epicaliini, and Heliconiini. The opposing sculptured cuticular sound plates (SPs) of each SPO appear structurally the same but are actually mirror-images of each other. Results suggest that sounds are not generated by stridulation (friction of a file and a scraper) but when these inversely sculptured and interlocking surfaces separate during pupal wriggling, representing a stick-slip mechanism. Twitter sounds comprise series of short broadband pulses with the main energy in the frequency range 3–13 kHz; they can be heard by humans but extend into ultrasonic frequencies up to 100 kHz.
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spelling pubmed-62079832018-11-05 Twittering Pupae of Papilionid and Nymphalid Butterflies (Lepidoptera): Novel Structures and Sounds Dolle, Patrick Klein, Philipp Fischer, Ottmar W Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich Gilbert, Lawrence E Boppré, Michael Ann Entomol Soc Am Research Pupae of numerous Papilionidae and Nymphalidae produce twitter sounds when wriggling in response to mechanical stimulation. The structural basis comprises distinct pairs of sound-producing organs (SPOs) located at intersegmental membranes of the abdomen. They differ—as the twitters do—in sampled taxa of Papilioninae, Epicaliini, and Heliconiini. The opposing sculptured cuticular sound plates (SPs) of each SPO appear structurally the same but are actually mirror-images of each other. Results suggest that sounds are not generated by stridulation (friction of a file and a scraper) but when these inversely sculptured and interlocking surfaces separate during pupal wriggling, representing a stick-slip mechanism. Twitter sounds comprise series of short broadband pulses with the main energy in the frequency range 3–13 kHz; they can be heard by humans but extend into ultrasonic frequencies up to 100 kHz. Oxford University Press 2018-10 2018-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6207983/ /pubmed/30397363 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/say029 Text en © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Research
Dolle, Patrick
Klein, Philipp
Fischer, Ottmar W
Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich
Gilbert, Lawrence E
Boppré, Michael
Twittering Pupae of Papilionid and Nymphalid Butterflies (Lepidoptera): Novel Structures and Sounds
title Twittering Pupae of Papilionid and Nymphalid Butterflies (Lepidoptera): Novel Structures and Sounds
title_full Twittering Pupae of Papilionid and Nymphalid Butterflies (Lepidoptera): Novel Structures and Sounds
title_fullStr Twittering Pupae of Papilionid and Nymphalid Butterflies (Lepidoptera): Novel Structures and Sounds
title_full_unstemmed Twittering Pupae of Papilionid and Nymphalid Butterflies (Lepidoptera): Novel Structures and Sounds
title_short Twittering Pupae of Papilionid and Nymphalid Butterflies (Lepidoptera): Novel Structures and Sounds
title_sort twittering pupae of papilionid and nymphalid butterflies (lepidoptera): novel structures and sounds
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6207983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30397363
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/say029
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