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Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Nutritional Aspects

Blood glucose homeostasis is well maintained by coordinated control of various hormones including insulin and glucagon as well as cytokines under normal conditions. However, chronic exposure to diabetic environment with high fat/high sugar diets and physical/mental stress can cause hyperglycemia, on...

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Autores principales: Lee, Hee Jae, Seo, Hye In, Cha, Hee Yun, Yang, Yun Jung, Kwon, Soo Hyun, Yang, Soo Jin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Korean Society of Clinical Nutrition 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6209735/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30406052
http://dx.doi.org/10.7762/cnr.2018.7.4.229
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author Lee, Hee Jae
Seo, Hye In
Cha, Hee Yun
Yang, Yun Jung
Kwon, Soo Hyun
Yang, Soo Jin
author_facet Lee, Hee Jae
Seo, Hye In
Cha, Hee Yun
Yang, Yun Jung
Kwon, Soo Hyun
Yang, Soo Jin
author_sort Lee, Hee Jae
collection PubMed
description Blood glucose homeostasis is well maintained by coordinated control of various hormones including insulin and glucagon as well as cytokines under normal conditions. However, chronic exposure to diabetic environment with high fat/high sugar diets and physical/mental stress can cause hyperglycemia, one of main characteristics of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Hyperglycemia impairs organogenesis and induces organ abnormalities such as cardiac defect in utero. It is a risk factor for the development of metabolic diseases in adults. Resulting glucotoxicity affects peripheral tissues and vessels, causing pathological complications including diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy, vessel damage, and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, chronic exposure to hyperglycemia can deteriorate cognitive function and other aspects of mental health. Recent reports have demonstrated that hyperglycemia is closely related to the development of cognitive impairment and dementia, suggesting that there may be a cause-effect relationship between hyperglycemia and dementia. With increasing interests in aging-related diseases and mental health, diabetes-related cognitive impairment is attracting great attention. It has been speculated that glucotoxicity can result in structural damage and functional impairment of brain cells and nerves, hemorrhage of cerebral blood vessel, and increased accumulation of amyloid beta. These are potential mechanisms underlying diabetes-related dementia. Nutrients and natural food components have been investigated as preventive and/or intervention strategy. Among candidate components, resveratrol, curcumin, and their analogues might be beneficial for the prevention of diabetes-related cognitive impairment. The purposes of this review are to discuss recent experimental evidence regarding diabetes and cognitive impairment and to suggest potential nutritional intervention strategies for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes-related dementia.
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spelling pubmed-62097352018-11-07 Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Nutritional Aspects Lee, Hee Jae Seo, Hye In Cha, Hee Yun Yang, Yun Jung Kwon, Soo Hyun Yang, Soo Jin Clin Nutr Res Review Article Blood glucose homeostasis is well maintained by coordinated control of various hormones including insulin and glucagon as well as cytokines under normal conditions. However, chronic exposure to diabetic environment with high fat/high sugar diets and physical/mental stress can cause hyperglycemia, one of main characteristics of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Hyperglycemia impairs organogenesis and induces organ abnormalities such as cardiac defect in utero. It is a risk factor for the development of metabolic diseases in adults. Resulting glucotoxicity affects peripheral tissues and vessels, causing pathological complications including diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy, vessel damage, and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, chronic exposure to hyperglycemia can deteriorate cognitive function and other aspects of mental health. Recent reports have demonstrated that hyperglycemia is closely related to the development of cognitive impairment and dementia, suggesting that there may be a cause-effect relationship between hyperglycemia and dementia. With increasing interests in aging-related diseases and mental health, diabetes-related cognitive impairment is attracting great attention. It has been speculated that glucotoxicity can result in structural damage and functional impairment of brain cells and nerves, hemorrhage of cerebral blood vessel, and increased accumulation of amyloid beta. These are potential mechanisms underlying diabetes-related dementia. Nutrients and natural food components have been investigated as preventive and/or intervention strategy. Among candidate components, resveratrol, curcumin, and their analogues might be beneficial for the prevention of diabetes-related cognitive impairment. The purposes of this review are to discuss recent experimental evidence regarding diabetes and cognitive impairment and to suggest potential nutritional intervention strategies for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes-related dementia. Korean Society of Clinical Nutrition 2018-10 2018-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6209735/ /pubmed/30406052 http://dx.doi.org/10.7762/cnr.2018.7.4.229 Text en Copyright © 2018. The Korean Society of Clinical Nutrition https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Lee, Hee Jae
Seo, Hye In
Cha, Hee Yun
Yang, Yun Jung
Kwon, Soo Hyun
Yang, Soo Jin
Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Nutritional Aspects
title Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Nutritional Aspects
title_full Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Nutritional Aspects
title_fullStr Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Nutritional Aspects
title_full_unstemmed Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Nutritional Aspects
title_short Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Nutritional Aspects
title_sort diabetes and alzheimer's disease: mechanisms and nutritional aspects
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6209735/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30406052
http://dx.doi.org/10.7762/cnr.2018.7.4.229
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