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A Review of Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Pain Management in Newborn Infants
Pain is a major problem in sick newborn infants, especially for those needing intensive care. Pharmacological pain relief is the most commonly used, but might be ineffective and has side effects, including long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae. The effectiveness and safety of alternative analgesic m...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6210323/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30241352 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children5100130 |
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author | Mangat, Avneet K. Oei, Ju-Lee Chen, Kerry Quah-Smith, Im Schmölzer, Georg M. |
author_facet | Mangat, Avneet K. Oei, Ju-Lee Chen, Kerry Quah-Smith, Im Schmölzer, Georg M. |
author_sort | Mangat, Avneet K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pain is a major problem in sick newborn infants, especially for those needing intensive care. Pharmacological pain relief is the most commonly used, but might be ineffective and has side effects, including long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae. The effectiveness and safety of alternative analgesic methods are ambiguous. The objective was to review the effectiveness and safety of non-pharmacological methods of pain relief in newborn infants and to identify those that are the most effective. PubMed and Google Scholar were searched using the terms: “infant”, “premature”, “pain”, “acupuncture”, “skin-to-skin contact”, “sucrose”, “massage”, “musical therapy” and ‘breastfeeding’. We included 24 studies assessing different methods of non-pharmacological analgesic techniques. Most resulted in some degree of analgesia but many were ineffective and some were even detrimental. Sucrose, for example, was often ineffective but was more effective than music therapy, massage, breast milk (for extremely premature infants) or non-invasive electrical stimulation acupuncture. There were also conflicting results for acupuncture, skin-to-skin care and musical therapy. Most non-pharmacological methods of analgesia provide a modicum of relief for preterm infants, but none are completely effective and there is no clearly superior method. Study is also required to assess potential long-term consequences of any of these methods. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6210323 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62103232018-11-05 A Review of Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Pain Management in Newborn Infants Mangat, Avneet K. Oei, Ju-Lee Chen, Kerry Quah-Smith, Im Schmölzer, Georg M. Children (Basel) Review Pain is a major problem in sick newborn infants, especially for those needing intensive care. Pharmacological pain relief is the most commonly used, but might be ineffective and has side effects, including long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae. The effectiveness and safety of alternative analgesic methods are ambiguous. The objective was to review the effectiveness and safety of non-pharmacological methods of pain relief in newborn infants and to identify those that are the most effective. PubMed and Google Scholar were searched using the terms: “infant”, “premature”, “pain”, “acupuncture”, “skin-to-skin contact”, “sucrose”, “massage”, “musical therapy” and ‘breastfeeding’. We included 24 studies assessing different methods of non-pharmacological analgesic techniques. Most resulted in some degree of analgesia but many were ineffective and some were even detrimental. Sucrose, for example, was often ineffective but was more effective than music therapy, massage, breast milk (for extremely premature infants) or non-invasive electrical stimulation acupuncture. There were also conflicting results for acupuncture, skin-to-skin care and musical therapy. Most non-pharmacological methods of analgesia provide a modicum of relief for preterm infants, but none are completely effective and there is no clearly superior method. Study is also required to assess potential long-term consequences of any of these methods. MDPI 2018-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6210323/ /pubmed/30241352 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children5100130 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Mangat, Avneet K. Oei, Ju-Lee Chen, Kerry Quah-Smith, Im Schmölzer, Georg M. A Review of Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Pain Management in Newborn Infants |
title | A Review of Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Pain Management in Newborn Infants |
title_full | A Review of Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Pain Management in Newborn Infants |
title_fullStr | A Review of Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Pain Management in Newborn Infants |
title_full_unstemmed | A Review of Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Pain Management in Newborn Infants |
title_short | A Review of Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Pain Management in Newborn Infants |
title_sort | review of non-pharmacological treatments for pain management in newborn infants |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6210323/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30241352 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children5100130 |
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