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Liquid Crystal Elastomer-Based Microelectrode Array for In Vitro Neuronal Recordings
Polymer-based biomedical electronics provide a tunable platform to interact with nervous tissue both in vitro and in vivo. Ultimately, the ability to control functional properties of neural interfaces may provide important advantages to study the nervous system or to restore function in patients wit...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6211140/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30424349 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9080416 |
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author | Rihani, Rashed T. Kim, Hyun Black, Bryan J. Atmaramani, Rahul Saed, Mohand O. Pancrazio, Joseph J. Ware, Taylor H. |
author_facet | Rihani, Rashed T. Kim, Hyun Black, Bryan J. Atmaramani, Rahul Saed, Mohand O. Pancrazio, Joseph J. Ware, Taylor H. |
author_sort | Rihani, Rashed T. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Polymer-based biomedical electronics provide a tunable platform to interact with nervous tissue both in vitro and in vivo. Ultimately, the ability to control functional properties of neural interfaces may provide important advantages to study the nervous system or to restore function in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are a class of smart materials that reversibly change shape when exposed to a variety of stimuli. Our interest in LCEs is based on leveraging this shape change to deploy electrode sites beyond the tissue regions exhibiting inflammation associated with chronic implantation. As a first step, we demonstrate that LCEs are cellular compatible materials that can be used as substrates for fabricating microelectrode arrays (MEAs) capable of recording single unit activity in vitro. Extracts from LCEs are non-cytotoxic (>70% normalized percent viability), as determined in accordance to ISO protocol 10993-5 using fibroblasts and primary murine cortical neurons. LCEs are also not functionally neurotoxic as determined by exposing cortical neurons cultured on conventional microelectrode arrays to LCE extract for 48 h. Microelectrode arrays fabricated on LCEs are stable, as determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Examination of the impedance and phase at 1 kHz, a frequency associated with single unit recording, showed results well within range of electrophysiological recordings over 30 days of monitoring in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Moreover, the LCE arrays are shown to support viable cortical neuronal cultures over 27 days in vitro and to enable recording of prominent extracellular biopotentials comparable to those achieved with conventional commercially-available microelectrode arrays. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6211140 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62111402018-11-01 Liquid Crystal Elastomer-Based Microelectrode Array for In Vitro Neuronal Recordings Rihani, Rashed T. Kim, Hyun Black, Bryan J. Atmaramani, Rahul Saed, Mohand O. Pancrazio, Joseph J. Ware, Taylor H. Micromachines (Basel) Article Polymer-based biomedical electronics provide a tunable platform to interact with nervous tissue both in vitro and in vivo. Ultimately, the ability to control functional properties of neural interfaces may provide important advantages to study the nervous system or to restore function in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are a class of smart materials that reversibly change shape when exposed to a variety of stimuli. Our interest in LCEs is based on leveraging this shape change to deploy electrode sites beyond the tissue regions exhibiting inflammation associated with chronic implantation. As a first step, we demonstrate that LCEs are cellular compatible materials that can be used as substrates for fabricating microelectrode arrays (MEAs) capable of recording single unit activity in vitro. Extracts from LCEs are non-cytotoxic (>70% normalized percent viability), as determined in accordance to ISO protocol 10993-5 using fibroblasts and primary murine cortical neurons. LCEs are also not functionally neurotoxic as determined by exposing cortical neurons cultured on conventional microelectrode arrays to LCE extract for 48 h. Microelectrode arrays fabricated on LCEs are stable, as determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Examination of the impedance and phase at 1 kHz, a frequency associated with single unit recording, showed results well within range of electrophysiological recordings over 30 days of monitoring in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Moreover, the LCE arrays are shown to support viable cortical neuronal cultures over 27 days in vitro and to enable recording of prominent extracellular biopotentials comparable to those achieved with conventional commercially-available microelectrode arrays. MDPI 2018-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6211140/ /pubmed/30424349 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9080416 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Rihani, Rashed T. Kim, Hyun Black, Bryan J. Atmaramani, Rahul Saed, Mohand O. Pancrazio, Joseph J. Ware, Taylor H. Liquid Crystal Elastomer-Based Microelectrode Array for In Vitro Neuronal Recordings |
title | Liquid Crystal Elastomer-Based Microelectrode Array for In Vitro Neuronal Recordings |
title_full | Liquid Crystal Elastomer-Based Microelectrode Array for In Vitro Neuronal Recordings |
title_fullStr | Liquid Crystal Elastomer-Based Microelectrode Array for In Vitro Neuronal Recordings |
title_full_unstemmed | Liquid Crystal Elastomer-Based Microelectrode Array for In Vitro Neuronal Recordings |
title_short | Liquid Crystal Elastomer-Based Microelectrode Array for In Vitro Neuronal Recordings |
title_sort | liquid crystal elastomer-based microelectrode array for in vitro neuronal recordings |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6211140/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30424349 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9080416 |
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