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The pleiotropic effects of the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Ammonium assimilation is linked to fundamental cellular processes that include the synthesis of non-essential amino acids like glutamate and glutamine. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae glutamate can be synthesized from α-ketoglutarate and ammonium through the action of NADP-dependent glutamate dehydrogen...

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Autores principales: Mara, P., Fragiadakis, G. S., Gkountromichos, F., Alexandraki, D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6211499/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30384856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-018-1018-4
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author Mara, P.
Fragiadakis, G. S.
Gkountromichos, F.
Alexandraki, D.
author_facet Mara, P.
Fragiadakis, G. S.
Gkountromichos, F.
Alexandraki, D.
author_sort Mara, P.
collection PubMed
description Ammonium assimilation is linked to fundamental cellular processes that include the synthesis of non-essential amino acids like glutamate and glutamine. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae glutamate can be synthesized from α-ketoglutarate and ammonium through the action of NADP-dependent glutamate dehydrogenases Gdh1 and Gdh3. Gdh1 and Gdh3 are evolutionarily adapted isoforms and cover the anabolic role of the GDH-pathway. Here, we review the role and function of the GDH pathway in glutamate metabolism and we discuss the additional contributions of the pathway in chromatin regulation, nitrogen catabolite repression, ROS-mediated apoptosis, iron deficiency and sphingolipid-dependent actin cytoskeleton modulation in S.cerevisiae. The pleiotropic effects of GDH pathway in yeast biology highlight the importance of glutamate homeostasis in vital cellular processes and reveal new features for conserved enzymes that were primarily characterized for their metabolic capacity. These newly described features constitute insights that can be utilized for challenges regarding genetic engineering of glutamate homeostasis and maintenance of redox balances, biosynthesis of important metabolites and production of organic substrates. We also conclude that the discussed  pleiotropic features intersect with basic metabolism and set a new background for further glutamate-dependent applied research of biotechnological interest.
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spelling pubmed-62114992018-11-08 The pleiotropic effects of the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mara, P. Fragiadakis, G. S. Gkountromichos, F. Alexandraki, D. Microb Cell Fact Review Ammonium assimilation is linked to fundamental cellular processes that include the synthesis of non-essential amino acids like glutamate and glutamine. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae glutamate can be synthesized from α-ketoglutarate and ammonium through the action of NADP-dependent glutamate dehydrogenases Gdh1 and Gdh3. Gdh1 and Gdh3 are evolutionarily adapted isoforms and cover the anabolic role of the GDH-pathway. Here, we review the role and function of the GDH pathway in glutamate metabolism and we discuss the additional contributions of the pathway in chromatin regulation, nitrogen catabolite repression, ROS-mediated apoptosis, iron deficiency and sphingolipid-dependent actin cytoskeleton modulation in S.cerevisiae. The pleiotropic effects of GDH pathway in yeast biology highlight the importance of glutamate homeostasis in vital cellular processes and reveal new features for conserved enzymes that were primarily characterized for their metabolic capacity. These newly described features constitute insights that can be utilized for challenges regarding genetic engineering of glutamate homeostasis and maintenance of redox balances, biosynthesis of important metabolites and production of organic substrates. We also conclude that the discussed  pleiotropic features intersect with basic metabolism and set a new background for further glutamate-dependent applied research of biotechnological interest. BioMed Central 2018-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6211499/ /pubmed/30384856 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-018-1018-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Mara, P.
Fragiadakis, G. S.
Gkountromichos, F.
Alexandraki, D.
The pleiotropic effects of the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title The pleiotropic effects of the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_full The pleiotropic effects of the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_fullStr The pleiotropic effects of the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_full_unstemmed The pleiotropic effects of the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_short The pleiotropic effects of the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_sort pleiotropic effects of the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) pathway in saccharomyces cerevisiae
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6211499/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30384856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-018-1018-4
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