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Impact of Diet-Modulated Butyrate Production on Intestinal Barrier Function and Inflammation

A major challenge in affluent societies is the increase in disorders related to gut and metabolic health. Chronic over nutrition by unhealthy foods high in energy, fat, and sugar, and low in dietary fibre is a key environmental factor responsible for this development, which may cause local and syste...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bach Knudsen, Knud Erik, Lærke, Helle Nygaard, Hedemann, Mette Skou, Nielsen, Tina Skau, Ingerslev, Anne Krog, Gundelund Nielsen, Ditte Søvsø, Theil, Peter Kappel, Purup, Stig, Hald, Stine, Schioldan, Anne Grethe, Marco, Maria L., Gregersen, Søren, Hermansen, Kjeld
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6213552/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30322146
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10101499
Descripción
Sumario:A major challenge in affluent societies is the increase in disorders related to gut and metabolic health. Chronic over nutrition by unhealthy foods high in energy, fat, and sugar, and low in dietary fibre is a key environmental factor responsible for this development, which may cause local and systemic inflammation. A low intake of dietary fibre is a limiting factor for maintaining a viable and diverse microbiota and production of short-chain fatty acids in the gut. A suppressed production of butyrate is crucial, as this short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) can play a key role not only in colonic health and function but also at the systemic level. At both sites, the mode of action is through mediation of signalling pathways involving nuclear NF-κB and inhibition of histone deacetylase. The intake and composition of dietary fibre modulate production of butyrate in the large intestine. While butyrate production is easily adjustable it is more variable how it influences gut barrier function and inflammatory markers in the gut and periphery. The effect of butyrate seems generally to be more consistent and positive on inflammatory markers related to the gut than on inflammatory markers in the peripheral tissue. This discrepancy may be explained by differences in butyrate concentrations in the gut compared with the much lower concentration at more remote sites.