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Eradicating Suicide at Its Roots: Preclinical Bases and Clinical Evidence of the Efficacy of Ketamine in the Treatment of Suicidal Behaviors

Despite the continuous advancement in neurosciences as well as in the knowledge of human behaviors pathophysiology, currently suicide represents a puzzling challenge. The World Health Organization (WHO) has established that one million people die by suicide every year, with the impressive daily rate...

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Autores principales: De Berardis, Domenico, Fornaro, Michele, Valchera, Alessandro, Cavuto, Marilde, Perna, Giampaolo, Di Nicola, Marco, Serafini, Gianluca, Carano, Alessandro, Pompili, Maurizio, Vellante, Federica, Orsolini, Laura, Fiengo, Annastasia, Ventriglio, Antonio, Yong-Ku, Kim, Martinotti, Giovanni, Di Giannantonio, Massimo, Tomasetti, Carmine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6213585/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30249029
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19102888
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author De Berardis, Domenico
Fornaro, Michele
Valchera, Alessandro
Cavuto, Marilde
Perna, Giampaolo
Di Nicola, Marco
Serafini, Gianluca
Carano, Alessandro
Pompili, Maurizio
Vellante, Federica
Orsolini, Laura
Fiengo, Annastasia
Ventriglio, Antonio
Yong-Ku, Kim
Martinotti, Giovanni
Di Giannantonio, Massimo
Tomasetti, Carmine
author_facet De Berardis, Domenico
Fornaro, Michele
Valchera, Alessandro
Cavuto, Marilde
Perna, Giampaolo
Di Nicola, Marco
Serafini, Gianluca
Carano, Alessandro
Pompili, Maurizio
Vellante, Federica
Orsolini, Laura
Fiengo, Annastasia
Ventriglio, Antonio
Yong-Ku, Kim
Martinotti, Giovanni
Di Giannantonio, Massimo
Tomasetti, Carmine
author_sort De Berardis, Domenico
collection PubMed
description Despite the continuous advancement in neurosciences as well as in the knowledge of human behaviors pathophysiology, currently suicide represents a puzzling challenge. The World Health Organization (WHO) has established that one million people die by suicide every year, with the impressive daily rate of a suicide every 40 s. The weightiest concern about suicidal behavior is how difficult it is for healthcare professionals to predict. However, recent evidence in genomic studies has pointed out the essential role that genetics could play in influencing person’s suicide risk. Combining genomic and clinical risk assessment approaches, some studies have identified a number of biomarkers for suicidal ideation, which are involved in neural connectivity, neural activity, mood, as well as in immune and inflammatory response, such as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. This interesting discovery provides the neurobiological bases for the use of drugs that impact these specific signaling pathways in the treatment of suicidality, such as ketamine. Ketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate (NMDA) antagonist agent, has recently hit the headlines because of its rapid antidepressant and concurrent anti-suicidal action. Here we review the preclinical and clinical evidence that lay the foundations of the efficacy of ketamine in the treatment of suicidal ideation in mood disorders, thereby also approaching the essential question of the understanding of neurobiological processes of suicide and the potential therapeutics.
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spelling pubmed-62135852018-11-14 Eradicating Suicide at Its Roots: Preclinical Bases and Clinical Evidence of the Efficacy of Ketamine in the Treatment of Suicidal Behaviors De Berardis, Domenico Fornaro, Michele Valchera, Alessandro Cavuto, Marilde Perna, Giampaolo Di Nicola, Marco Serafini, Gianluca Carano, Alessandro Pompili, Maurizio Vellante, Federica Orsolini, Laura Fiengo, Annastasia Ventriglio, Antonio Yong-Ku, Kim Martinotti, Giovanni Di Giannantonio, Massimo Tomasetti, Carmine Int J Mol Sci Review Despite the continuous advancement in neurosciences as well as in the knowledge of human behaviors pathophysiology, currently suicide represents a puzzling challenge. The World Health Organization (WHO) has established that one million people die by suicide every year, with the impressive daily rate of a suicide every 40 s. The weightiest concern about suicidal behavior is how difficult it is for healthcare professionals to predict. However, recent evidence in genomic studies has pointed out the essential role that genetics could play in influencing person’s suicide risk. Combining genomic and clinical risk assessment approaches, some studies have identified a number of biomarkers for suicidal ideation, which are involved in neural connectivity, neural activity, mood, as well as in immune and inflammatory response, such as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. This interesting discovery provides the neurobiological bases for the use of drugs that impact these specific signaling pathways in the treatment of suicidality, such as ketamine. Ketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate (NMDA) antagonist agent, has recently hit the headlines because of its rapid antidepressant and concurrent anti-suicidal action. Here we review the preclinical and clinical evidence that lay the foundations of the efficacy of ketamine in the treatment of suicidal ideation in mood disorders, thereby also approaching the essential question of the understanding of neurobiological processes of suicide and the potential therapeutics. MDPI 2018-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6213585/ /pubmed/30249029 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19102888 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
De Berardis, Domenico
Fornaro, Michele
Valchera, Alessandro
Cavuto, Marilde
Perna, Giampaolo
Di Nicola, Marco
Serafini, Gianluca
Carano, Alessandro
Pompili, Maurizio
Vellante, Federica
Orsolini, Laura
Fiengo, Annastasia
Ventriglio, Antonio
Yong-Ku, Kim
Martinotti, Giovanni
Di Giannantonio, Massimo
Tomasetti, Carmine
Eradicating Suicide at Its Roots: Preclinical Bases and Clinical Evidence of the Efficacy of Ketamine in the Treatment of Suicidal Behaviors
title Eradicating Suicide at Its Roots: Preclinical Bases and Clinical Evidence of the Efficacy of Ketamine in the Treatment of Suicidal Behaviors
title_full Eradicating Suicide at Its Roots: Preclinical Bases and Clinical Evidence of the Efficacy of Ketamine in the Treatment of Suicidal Behaviors
title_fullStr Eradicating Suicide at Its Roots: Preclinical Bases and Clinical Evidence of the Efficacy of Ketamine in the Treatment of Suicidal Behaviors
title_full_unstemmed Eradicating Suicide at Its Roots: Preclinical Bases and Clinical Evidence of the Efficacy of Ketamine in the Treatment of Suicidal Behaviors
title_short Eradicating Suicide at Its Roots: Preclinical Bases and Clinical Evidence of the Efficacy of Ketamine in the Treatment of Suicidal Behaviors
title_sort eradicating suicide at its roots: preclinical bases and clinical evidence of the efficacy of ketamine in the treatment of suicidal behaviors
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6213585/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30249029
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19102888
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