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Type-II tRNAs and Evolution of Translation Systems and the Genetic Code

Because tRNA is the core biological intellectual property that was necessary to evolve translation systems, tRNAomes, ribosomes, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and the genetic code, the evolution of tRNA is the core story in evolution of life on earth. We have previously described the evolution of type...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kim, Yunsoo, Kowiatek, Bruce, Opron, Kristopher, Burton, Zachary F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6214036/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30360357
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103275
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author Kim, Yunsoo
Kowiatek, Bruce
Opron, Kristopher
Burton, Zachary F.
author_facet Kim, Yunsoo
Kowiatek, Bruce
Opron, Kristopher
Burton, Zachary F.
author_sort Kim, Yunsoo
collection PubMed
description Because tRNA is the core biological intellectual property that was necessary to evolve translation systems, tRNAomes, ribosomes, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and the genetic code, the evolution of tRNA is the core story in evolution of life on earth. We have previously described the evolution of type-I tRNAs. Here, we use the same model to describe the evolution of type-II tRNAs, with expanded V loops. The models are strongly supported by inspection of typical tRNA diagrams, measuring lengths of V loop expansions, and analyzing the homology of V loop sequences to tRNA acceptor stems. Models for tRNA evolution provide a pathway for the inanimate-to-animate transition and for the evolution of translation systems, the genetic code, and cellular life.
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spelling pubmed-62140362018-11-14 Type-II tRNAs and Evolution of Translation Systems and the Genetic Code Kim, Yunsoo Kowiatek, Bruce Opron, Kristopher Burton, Zachary F. Int J Mol Sci Article Because tRNA is the core biological intellectual property that was necessary to evolve translation systems, tRNAomes, ribosomes, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and the genetic code, the evolution of tRNA is the core story in evolution of life on earth. We have previously described the evolution of type-I tRNAs. Here, we use the same model to describe the evolution of type-II tRNAs, with expanded V loops. The models are strongly supported by inspection of typical tRNA diagrams, measuring lengths of V loop expansions, and analyzing the homology of V loop sequences to tRNA acceptor stems. Models for tRNA evolution provide a pathway for the inanimate-to-animate transition and for the evolution of translation systems, the genetic code, and cellular life. MDPI 2018-10-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6214036/ /pubmed/30360357 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103275 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kim, Yunsoo
Kowiatek, Bruce
Opron, Kristopher
Burton, Zachary F.
Type-II tRNAs and Evolution of Translation Systems and the Genetic Code
title Type-II tRNAs and Evolution of Translation Systems and the Genetic Code
title_full Type-II tRNAs and Evolution of Translation Systems and the Genetic Code
title_fullStr Type-II tRNAs and Evolution of Translation Systems and the Genetic Code
title_full_unstemmed Type-II tRNAs and Evolution of Translation Systems and the Genetic Code
title_short Type-II tRNAs and Evolution of Translation Systems and the Genetic Code
title_sort type-ii trnas and evolution of translation systems and the genetic code
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6214036/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30360357
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103275
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