Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature

Graphene consists of coupled direct/dual fermionic sub-systems and, consequently, the thermal properties of both are intrinsically correlated. The dual is characterized by negative temperatures, and its free energy keeps opposite sign concerning the direct. The growth of ripples in graphene becomes...

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Autores principales: Flores, J. C., Palma-Chilla, L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2018
Materias:
Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6214981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30390001
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31944-y
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author Flores, J. C.
Palma-Chilla, L.
author_facet Flores, J. C.
Palma-Chilla, L.
author_sort Flores, J. C.
collection PubMed
description Graphene consists of coupled direct/dual fermionic sub-systems and, consequently, the thermal properties of both are intrinsically correlated. The dual is characterized by negative temperatures, and its free energy keeps opposite sign concerning the direct. The growth of ripples in graphene becomes related to temperature rises with fractional spatial dimension ~2.19 at 300 °K. An analytical, and suitable, expression for ripples dimension as a function of temperature is presented. Further, internal energy, entropy, specific heat and free energy are evaluated as a function of temperature and dimension for both sub-systems. Free energy supports a simple, functional expression inversely proportional to ripples dimension.
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spelling pubmed-62149812018-11-06 Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature Flores, J. C. Palma-Chilla, L. Sci Rep Article Graphene consists of coupled direct/dual fermionic sub-systems and, consequently, the thermal properties of both are intrinsically correlated. The dual is characterized by negative temperatures, and its free energy keeps opposite sign concerning the direct. The growth of ripples in graphene becomes related to temperature rises with fractional spatial dimension ~2.19 at 300 °K. An analytical, and suitable, expression for ripples dimension as a function of temperature is presented. Further, internal energy, entropy, specific heat and free energy are evaluated as a function of temperature and dimension for both sub-systems. Free energy supports a simple, functional expression inversely proportional to ripples dimension. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6214981/ /pubmed/30390001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31944-y Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Flores, J. C.
Palma-Chilla, L.
Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title_full Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title_fullStr Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title_full_unstemmed Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title_short Dirac fermions duality in graphene: Ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
title_sort dirac fermions duality in graphene: ripples and fractional dimensions as function of temperature
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6214981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30390001
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31944-y
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