Radial scars/complex sclerosing lesions of the breast: radiologic and clinicopathologic correlation

BACKGROUND: We investigated the radiologic and clinical findings of radial scar and complex sclerosing lesions, and evaluated the rate of pathologic upgrade and predicting factors. METHODS: From review of our institution’s database from January 2006 to December 2012, we enrolled 82 radial scars/complex sclerosing lesions in 80 women; 51 by ultrasound guided core needle biopsy, 1 by mammography-guided stereotactic biopsy, and 38 by surgical excision. The initial biopsy pathology revealed that 53 lesions were without high risk lesions and 29 were with high risk lesions. Radiologic, clinical and pathological results were analyzed statistically and upgrade rates were calculated. RESULTS: Of the 82 lesions, 64 (78.0%) were surgically excised. After surgical excision, two were upgraded to DCIS and two were upgraded to lesions with high risk lesions. The rate of radial scar with high risk lesions was significantly higher in the surgical excision group (11.1% vs. 42.2%, p = 0.015), which also demonstrated larger lesion size (10.7 ± 6.5 vs. 7.1 ± 2.6 mm, p = 0.001). The diagnoses with high risk lesions on final pathological results showed older age (52.9 ± 6.0 years vs. 48.4 ± 6.7 years, p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Radial scars with and without high risk lesions showed no statistically significant differences in imaging, and gave relatively low cancer upgrade rates. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12880-018-0279-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.