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Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence
Differentiating between respiratory frequency (f(R)) and tidal volume (V (T)) may improve our understanding of exercise hyperpnoea because f(R) and V (T) seem to be regulated by different inputs. We designed a series of exercise manipulations to improve our understanding of how f(R) and V (T) are re...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6215760/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30393984 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13908 |
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author | Nicolò, Andrea Girardi, Michele Bazzucchi, Ilenia Felici, Francesco Sacchetti, Massimo |
author_facet | Nicolò, Andrea Girardi, Michele Bazzucchi, Ilenia Felici, Francesco Sacchetti, Massimo |
author_sort | Nicolò, Andrea |
collection | PubMed |
description | Differentiating between respiratory frequency (f(R)) and tidal volume (V (T)) may improve our understanding of exercise hyperpnoea because f(R) and V (T) seem to be regulated by different inputs. We designed a series of exercise manipulations to improve our understanding of how f(R) and V (T) are regulated during exercise. Twelve cyclists performed an incremental test and three randomized experimental sessions in separate visits. In two of the three experimental visits, participants performed a moderate‐intensity sinusoidal test followed, after recovery, by a moderate‐to‐severe‐intensity sinusoidal test. These two visits differed in the period of the sinusoid (2 min vs. 8 min). In the third experimental visit, participants performed a trapezoidal test where the workload was self‐paced in order to match a predefined trapezoidal template of rating of perceived exertion (RPE). The results collectively reveal that f(R) changes more with RPE than with workload, gas exchange, V (T) or the amount of muscle activation. However, f(R) dissociates from RPE during moderate exercise. Both V (T) and minute ventilation ([Formula: see text]) showed a similar time course and a large correlation with [Formula: see text] in all the tests. Nevertheless, [Formula: see text] was associated more with [Formula: see text] than with V (T) because V (T) seems to adjust continuously on the basis of f(R) levels to match [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. The present findings provide novel insight into the differential control of f(R) and V (T) – and their unbalanced interdependence – during exercise. The emerging conceptual framework is expected to guide future research on the mechanisms underlying the long‐debated issue of exercise hyperpnoea. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6215760 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62157602018-11-08 Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence Nicolò, Andrea Girardi, Michele Bazzucchi, Ilenia Felici, Francesco Sacchetti, Massimo Physiol Rep Original Research Differentiating between respiratory frequency (f(R)) and tidal volume (V (T)) may improve our understanding of exercise hyperpnoea because f(R) and V (T) seem to be regulated by different inputs. We designed a series of exercise manipulations to improve our understanding of how f(R) and V (T) are regulated during exercise. Twelve cyclists performed an incremental test and three randomized experimental sessions in separate visits. In two of the three experimental visits, participants performed a moderate‐intensity sinusoidal test followed, after recovery, by a moderate‐to‐severe‐intensity sinusoidal test. These two visits differed in the period of the sinusoid (2 min vs. 8 min). In the third experimental visit, participants performed a trapezoidal test where the workload was self‐paced in order to match a predefined trapezoidal template of rating of perceived exertion (RPE). The results collectively reveal that f(R) changes more with RPE than with workload, gas exchange, V (T) or the amount of muscle activation. However, f(R) dissociates from RPE during moderate exercise. Both V (T) and minute ventilation ([Formula: see text]) showed a similar time course and a large correlation with [Formula: see text] in all the tests. Nevertheless, [Formula: see text] was associated more with [Formula: see text] than with V (T) because V (T) seems to adjust continuously on the basis of f(R) levels to match [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. The present findings provide novel insight into the differential control of f(R) and V (T) – and their unbalanced interdependence – during exercise. The emerging conceptual framework is expected to guide future research on the mechanisms underlying the long‐debated issue of exercise hyperpnoea. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-11-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6215760/ /pubmed/30393984 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13908 Text en © 2018 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Nicolò, Andrea Girardi, Michele Bazzucchi, Ilenia Felici, Francesco Sacchetti, Massimo Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence |
title | Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence |
title_full | Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence |
title_fullStr | Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence |
title_full_unstemmed | Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence |
title_short | Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence |
title_sort | respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6215760/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30393984 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13908 |
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