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Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence

Differentiating between respiratory frequency (f(R)) and tidal volume (V (T)) may improve our understanding of exercise hyperpnoea because f(R) and V (T) seem to be regulated by different inputs. We designed a series of exercise manipulations to improve our understanding of how f(R) and V (T) are re...

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Autores principales: Nicolò, Andrea, Girardi, Michele, Bazzucchi, Ilenia, Felici, Francesco, Sacchetti, Massimo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6215760/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30393984
http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13908
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author Nicolò, Andrea
Girardi, Michele
Bazzucchi, Ilenia
Felici, Francesco
Sacchetti, Massimo
author_facet Nicolò, Andrea
Girardi, Michele
Bazzucchi, Ilenia
Felici, Francesco
Sacchetti, Massimo
author_sort Nicolò, Andrea
collection PubMed
description Differentiating between respiratory frequency (f(R)) and tidal volume (V (T)) may improve our understanding of exercise hyperpnoea because f(R) and V (T) seem to be regulated by different inputs. We designed a series of exercise manipulations to improve our understanding of how f(R) and V (T) are regulated during exercise. Twelve cyclists performed an incremental test and three randomized experimental sessions in separate visits. In two of the three experimental visits, participants performed a moderate‐intensity sinusoidal test followed, after recovery, by a moderate‐to‐severe‐intensity sinusoidal test. These two visits differed in the period of the sinusoid (2 min vs. 8 min). In the third experimental visit, participants performed a trapezoidal test where the workload was self‐paced in order to match a predefined trapezoidal template of rating of perceived exertion (RPE). The results collectively reveal that f(R) changes more with RPE than with workload, gas exchange, V (T) or the amount of muscle activation. However, f(R) dissociates from RPE during moderate exercise. Both V (T) and minute ventilation ([Formula: see text]) showed a similar time course and a large correlation with [Formula: see text] in all the tests. Nevertheless, [Formula: see text] was associated more with [Formula: see text] than with V (T) because V (T) seems to adjust continuously on the basis of f(R) levels to match [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. The present findings provide novel insight into the differential control of f(R) and V (T) – and their unbalanced interdependence – during exercise. The emerging conceptual framework is expected to guide future research on the mechanisms underlying the long‐debated issue of exercise hyperpnoea.
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spelling pubmed-62157602018-11-08 Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence Nicolò, Andrea Girardi, Michele Bazzucchi, Ilenia Felici, Francesco Sacchetti, Massimo Physiol Rep Original Research Differentiating between respiratory frequency (f(R)) and tidal volume (V (T)) may improve our understanding of exercise hyperpnoea because f(R) and V (T) seem to be regulated by different inputs. We designed a series of exercise manipulations to improve our understanding of how f(R) and V (T) are regulated during exercise. Twelve cyclists performed an incremental test and three randomized experimental sessions in separate visits. In two of the three experimental visits, participants performed a moderate‐intensity sinusoidal test followed, after recovery, by a moderate‐to‐severe‐intensity sinusoidal test. These two visits differed in the period of the sinusoid (2 min vs. 8 min). In the third experimental visit, participants performed a trapezoidal test where the workload was self‐paced in order to match a predefined trapezoidal template of rating of perceived exertion (RPE). The results collectively reveal that f(R) changes more with RPE than with workload, gas exchange, V (T) or the amount of muscle activation. However, f(R) dissociates from RPE during moderate exercise. Both V (T) and minute ventilation ([Formula: see text]) showed a similar time course and a large correlation with [Formula: see text] in all the tests. Nevertheless, [Formula: see text] was associated more with [Formula: see text] than with V (T) because V (T) seems to adjust continuously on the basis of f(R) levels to match [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. The present findings provide novel insight into the differential control of f(R) and V (T) – and their unbalanced interdependence – during exercise. The emerging conceptual framework is expected to guide future research on the mechanisms underlying the long‐debated issue of exercise hyperpnoea. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-11-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6215760/ /pubmed/30393984 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13908 Text en © 2018 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Nicolò, Andrea
Girardi, Michele
Bazzucchi, Ilenia
Felici, Francesco
Sacchetti, Massimo
Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence
title Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence
title_full Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence
title_fullStr Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence
title_full_unstemmed Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence
title_short Respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence
title_sort respiratory frequency and tidal volume during exercise: differential control and unbalanced interdependence
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6215760/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30393984
http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13908
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